This paper, the first of two parts, describes a technique of measuring dynamic temperature fields on thin, porous textile materials when exposed to a low energy, localized heat source. A methodology is outlined for studying the smoldering process via measurement of surface temperature profiles using calibrated infrared (IR) thermography, a non-intrusive technique for the measurement and analysis of a material's surface temperature. This paper outlines the essential elements necessary for proper use of IR thermography and provides a summary of thermal radiation theory, combined with computer enhancement of the thermographs.
An advanced thermal imaging system couples non-contact infrared thermography with personal computer-based image processing routines for the measurement of real-time temperature and heat flow patterns. The instrumental set-up descri bed here facilitates instantaneous scanning, detection, and depiction of temperature variations and isotherms. Such a system allows continuous, real-time or post-experiment processing and analysis of thermal images in color or gray scale, via digitization followed by image enhancement. A typical protocol of computational techniques and image analysis steps are described for obtaining thermographic data and to analyze growth of conditions leading to smolder initiation, typically in a cellulosic fabric. This methodology can be employed for dynamic measurement of temperature and heat flow though porous materials such as upholstery cover fabric, insulation material, protective clothing, etc.
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