The Corporate Venture Champion: A Resource-Based Approach to Role and Process

Aldrich H. , & Auster E. (1986). Even dwarfs started small: Liabilities of age and size and their strategic implications. In Cummings L. , & Staw B. (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior, vol. 8, pp. 165–198. San Francisco: JAI Press.

Aldrich H. , & Zimmer C. (1986). Entrepreneurship through social networks. In Sexton D. S. , & Smilor R. W. (Eds.), The art and science of entrepreneurship, pp. 3–23. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Company.

Amit R. , & Shoemaker P. J. (1993). Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal, 14(1), p. 3–46.

Andrews K. R. (1971). The concept of corporate strategy. Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin, Inc.

Ansoff I. (1965). Corporate strategy. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Barney J. (1986). Strategic factor markets: Expectations, luck, and business strategy. Management Science, 42, 1231–1241.

Barney J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.

Becker G. S. (1964). Human capital. New York: Columbia University Press.

Becker S. W. , & Gordon G. (1966). An entrepreneurial theory of formal organizations. Part I: Patterns of formal organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, Dec., 315–344.

Biggadike R. (1979). The risky business of diversification. Harvard Business Review (May-June), 103–111.

Block Z. , & MacMillan I. C. (1995). Corporate venturing. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Bourdieu P. (1983). Forms of capital: In Richardson J. (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education, pp. 241–258. New York: Greenwood Press.

Bower J. L. (1970). Managing the resource allocation process. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Bruno A. V. , & Tyebjee T. T. (1982). The environment for entrepreneurship. In Kent C. A. , Sexton D. L. , & Vesper K. H. (Eds.), The encyclopedia of entrepreneurship, pp. 288–307. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Brush C. G. , & Greene P. G. (1996). Resources in the new venture creation process: Strategies for acquisition. Paper presented at the Annual Meetings of the Academy of Management, Cincinnati, OH.

Burgelman R. A. (1983). A process model of internal corporate venturing in the diversified major firm. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 223–244.

Burgelman R. A. (1988). Managing the internal corporate venturing process. In Tushman M. L. , & Moore W. L. (Eds.), Readings in the management of innovation, pp. 585–602. Boston: Ballinger.

Bygrave W. D. (1992). Venture capital returns in the 1980's. In Sexton D. L. , & Kasarda J. (Eds.), The state of the art of entrepreneurship, pp. 438–462. Boston: PWS-Kent.

Carter N. M. , Stearns T. M. , Reynolds P. D. , & Miller B. (1994). New venture strategies: Theory development with an empirical base. Strategic Management Journal, 15, 21–41.

Casson M. (1982). The entrepreneur: An economic theory. Oxford: Martin Robertson.

Chakrabarthi A. (1974). The role of champion in product innovation. California Management Review, 17, 58–62.

Coleman J. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Supplement), S95–S120.

Collins O. , & Moore D. G. (1970). The organization makers. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Collins D. , & Montgomery C. (1995). Competing on resources: Strategy in the 1990s. Harvard Business Review, July-August, 118–128.

Connor K. (1991). A historical comparison of resource-based theory and five schools of thought within industrial organization economics: Do we have a theory of the firm? Journal of Management, 17(1), 121–154.

Cooper A. C. (1981). Strategic management: New ventures and small businesses. Long Range Planning, 14(5), 39–45.

Cooper A. C. , & Artz K. W. (1995). Determinant of satisfaction of entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 10, 439–455.

Cyert R. M. , & March J. G. (1963). A behavioral theory of the firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Dollinger M. J. (1995). Entrepreneurship: Strategies and resources. Boston: Irwin.

Dougherty D. (1995). Managing your core incompetencies for corporate venturing. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19(3), 113–135.

Elder T. , & Shimanski J. (1987). Redirection decisions in successful corporate ventures. In Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Churchill N.C. , Hornaday J.A. , Kirchoff B.A. , Krasner O.J. , & Vespers K.H. (Eds.), pp. 510–526. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Ellis R. J. , & Taylor N. (1987). Specifying entrepreneurship. In Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Churchill N.C. , Hornaday J.A. , Kirchoff B.A. , Krasner O.J. , & Vespers K.H. (Eds.), pp. 527–542. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Ellis R. J. , & Taylor N. (1988). Success and failure in internal venture strategy: An exploratory study. In Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Kirchoff B.A. , Lung W.A. , McMullan W.E. , Vespers K.H. , & Wetzel W.E. Jr. (Eds.), pp. 518–553. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Entrepreneurship Research Consortium. (1997). Summary report. First pilot study. National panel study of U.S. business start-ups. Prepared by P. D. Reynolds and Ji-qiang Rong. February.

Feeser H. , & Willard G. (1990). Founding strategy and performance: A comparison of high- and low-growth tech firms. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 87–98.

Fiol M. (1995). Thought worlds colliding: The role of contradiction in corporate innovation processes. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19(3), 71–90.

Fukuyama F. (1996). Trust. New York: Free Press.

Gartner W. B. (1989). “Who is an entrepreneur?” is the wrong question. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13, 47–68.

Gartner W. B. , Carland J. , Hoy F. , & Carland J. (1988). “Who is an entrepreneur” is a question worth asking. American Journal of Small Business, 12(4), 11–39.

Granovetter M. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1360–1380.

Grant R. M. (1991). The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation. California Management Review, Spring, 112–135.

Grenier L. (1972). Evolution and revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review, July/Aug., 37–46.

Greene P. G. , & Brown T. E. (1997). Resource needs and the dynamic capitalism typology. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(3), 161–173.

Greene P. G. , Brush C. G. , & Brown T. E. (1997). Resource configurations in new ventures: Relationships to owner and company characteristics. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 8(2), 25–40.

Grossman L. (1974). The change agent. New York: AMACOM.

Guth W. D. (1997). Corporate entrepreneurship: A framework for research and practice. Working Paper. New York University.

Guth W. D. , & Ginsberg A. (1990). Guest editors’ introduction: Corporate entrepreneurship. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 5–15.

Hart M. M. (1995). Founding resource choices: Influences and effects. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Harvard Graduate School of Business.

Hart M. M. , Greene P. G. , & Brush C. G. (1997). Leveraging resources: Building an organization on an entrepreneurial resource base. Paper presented at the 17th Annual Babson Conference on Entrepreneurship Research, Wellesley, MA.

Hofer C. W. , & Schendel D. E. (1978). Strategy formulation: Analysis and concepts. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.

Howell J. , & Higgins C. (1990). Champions of technological innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 317–341.

Hoy F. , & Verser T. (1994). Emerging business, emerging field: Entrepreneurship and the family firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19(1), 9–23.

Jelinek M. , & Litterer J. A. (1995). Toward entrepreneurial organizations: Meeting ambiguity with engagement. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19(3), 137–168.

Kanter R. M. (1983). The change masters. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Katz J. A. , & Gartner W. B. (1988). Properties of emerging organizations. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 429–441.

Kaufmann P.J. , & Dant R. (1996). Multi-Unit franchising: Growth and management issues. Journal of Business Venturing, 11(5), 343–358.

Knight R. M. (1989). Technological innovation in Canada: A comparison of independent entrepreneurs and corporate innovators. Journal of Business Venturing, 4, 281–288.

Kuratko D. F. , Montagno R. V. , & Hornsby J. S. (1990). Developing an intrapreneurial assessment instrument for an effective corporate entrepreneurial environment. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 49–58.

Kusiatin I. (1976). The process and capacity for diversification through internal development. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration.

Lawless M. , & Price L. (1992). An agency perspective on new technology champions. Organization Science, 3(3), 342–355.

Louis M. L. , & Yan A. (1996). The migration of organizational functions to the work unit level: Buffering, spanning, and bringing up boundaries. Working Paper #96: 26, Boston University.

Maidique M.A. (1980). Entrepreneurs, champions, and technological innovation. Sloan Management Review, Winter, 59–76.

Maidique M.A. (1988). Entrepreneurs, champions, and technological innovation. In Tushman M. L. , & Moore W. L. (Eds.), Readings in the management of innovation, pp. 565–584. Boston: Ballinger.

March J. G. (1962). The business firm as a political coalition. Journal of Politics, 24, 662–678.

McDougall P. , & Robinson R. B. Jr. (1994). New venture strategies: An empirical identification of eight “archetypes” of competitive strategies for entry. Strategic Management Journal, 11(6), 447–467.

McGrath R. G. , Venkataraman S. , MacMillan I. C. , & Boulind O. (1992). Desirable disappointments: Capitalizing on failures in new corporate ventures. In Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Churchill N.C. , Birley S. , Bygrave W.D. , Muzyka D.F. , Wahlbin C. , & Wetzer W.E. Jr. (Eds.), pp. 537–551. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Miller D. , & Shamsie J. (1996). The resource-based view of the firm in two environments: The Hollywood film studios from 1936-1965. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 519–543.

Mitton D. (1987). The blue brothers—An act to watch: The magic of transforming a pattern of venturing by defecting scientists into fruitful corporate sponsored ventures. In (Eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, pp. 481–495. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Morton J. A. (1971). Organizing for innovation. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Muzyka D. (1988). Management of failure. In (Eds.), Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Kirchoff B.A. , Long W.A. , McMullan W.E. , Vespers K.H. , & Wetzel W.E. Jr. (Eds.), pp. 501–517. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

Penrose E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. London: Basil Blackwell.

Pinchot G. (1985). Intrapreneurship. New York: Harper & Row.

Porter M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage. New York: Free Press.

Roberts E. B. (1977). Generating effective corporate innovation. Technology Review, Oct.-Nov., 27–33.

Roberts E. B. (1991). Entrepreneurs in high technology: Lessons from MIT and beyond. New York: Oxford University Press.

Roberts E. B. , & Berry C. A. (1997). Entering new businesses: Selecting strategies for success. In Tushman M. L. , & Anderson P. (Eds.), Managing strategic innovation and change, pp. 541–555. New York: Oxford University Press.

Roberts E. B. , & Frohman A. B. (1972). Internal entrepreneurship: Strategy for growth. The Business Quarterly, Spring, 71–78.

Rothwell R. , Freeman C. , Horlsey A. , Jervis V. T. P. , Robertson A. B. , & Townsend J. (1974). SAPPHO updated—Project SAPPHO phase II. Research Policy, 3, 258–291.

Rumelt R. P. (1984). Towards a strategic theory of the firm. In Lamp R. B. (Ed.), Competitive strategic management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Schon D. (1963). Champions for radical new innovations. Harvard Business Review, 41, 77–86.

Scholhammer H. (1982). Internal corporate entrepreneurship. In Kent C. A. , Sexton D. L. , & Vesper K. H. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of entrepreneurship, pp. 209–229. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Shane S. (1994). Cultural values and the championing process. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 25–41.

Shein E. (1985). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Shrader R. C. , & Simon M. (1997). Corporate versus independent new ventures: Resource, strategy, and performance differences. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(1), 47–66.

Shulman J. M. (1997). Debt and other forms of financing. In Bygrave W. D. (Ed.), The portable MBA of entrepreneurship, pp. 195–235. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Starr J. A. , & MacMillan I. C. (1990). Resource cooptation via social contracting: Resource acquisition strategies for new ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 79–92.

Stevenson H. H. , & Gumpert D. E. (1985). The heart of entrepreneurship. Harvard Business Review, May-April, 85–94.

Stevenson H. H. , & Jarillo J. C. (1990). A paradigm of entrepreneurship: entrepreneurial management. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 7–27.

Stevenson H. H. , Roberts M. J. , & Grousbeck H. I. (1989). New business ventures and the entrepreneur. Homewood, IL: Irwin.

Stinchcombe A. L. (1965). Social structure and organizations. In March J. G. (Ed.), Handbook of organizations, pp. 142–194. Chicago: Rand McNally.

Tiessen J. H. (1997). Individualism, collectivism, and entrepreneurship: A framework for international comparative research. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(5), 367–384.

Tomer J. F. (1987). Organizational capital. New York: Praeger.

Van de Ven A. H. (1988). Central problems in the management of innovation. In Tushman M. L. , & Moore W. L. (Eds.), Readings in the management of innovation, pp. 103–122. Boston, MA: Ballinger.

Van de Ven A. H. , Venkataraman S. , Polley D. , & Garud R. (1989). Processes of new business creation in different organizational settings. In Van de Ven A. H. , Angle H. , & Poole M. S. (Eds.), Research on the management of innovation, pp. 221–297. New York: Harper & Row.

Van De Ven Andrew H. 1993. “The Development of an Infrastructure for Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Business Venturing 8: 211–230.

Venkatamaran S. , MacMillan I. C. , & McGrath R. G. (1992). Progress in research on corporate venturing. In Sexton D. L. , & Kasarda J. D. (Eds.), The state of the art of entrepreneurship, pp. 487–519. Boston: PWS-Kent.

Von Hippel E. (1977). Successful and failing internal corporate ventures: An empirical analysis. Industrial Marketing Management, 6, 163–174.

Wernerfelt B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5, 171–180.

Zahra S. , & Covin J. (1995). Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(1), 43–58.