Malignant neoplasia in 4 alpacas was characterized by acute onset of clinical signs and rapidly deteriorating condition. Postmortem examination revealed metastatic or multicentric neoplasia in the abdominal organs of alpacas 1, 3, and 4 and an extensive thoracic mass in alpaca 2. Immunohistochemical stains supported a diagnosis of B-cell lymphosarcoma in alpacas 1–3 and a neuroendocrine neoplasm in alpaca 4.
References
1.
AltmanNHSmallJDSquireRA: 1974, Squamous cell carcinoma of the rumen and thymic amyloidosis in a guanaco. J Am Vet Med Assoc165:820–822.
2.
CebraCKGarryFBPowersBEJohnsonLW: 1995, Lymphosarcoma in 10 New World camelids. J Vet Intern Med9:381–385.
3.
ChaiwunBCoteRJTaylorCR: 1994, Diffuse neuroendocrine and endocrine systems. In: Immunomicroscopy: a diagnostic tool for the surgical pathologist, ed. TaylorCRCoteRJ, 2nd ed., pp. 163–199. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA.
4.
ChuPGArberDA: 2001, CD79: a review. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol2:97–106.
5.
CornickJL: 1988, Gastric squamous cell carcinoma and fascioliasis in a llama. Cornell Vet78:235–241.
6.
DietrichJGBrewerJL: 1988, Nephroblastoma with pulmonary metastases in a Guanaco. Vet Pathol25:329–330.
7.
FowlerME: 1998, Multisystem disorders. In: Medicine and surgery of South American camelids, ed. FowlerME, 2nd ed., pp. 231–249. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
8.
FowlerMEGillespieDHarkemaJ: 1985, Lymphosarcoma in a llama. J Am Vet Med Assoc187:1245–1246.
9.
GarlickDSDohertyTJParadisMR: 1990, Gemistocytic astrocytoma in a one-month-old llama. J Am Vet Med Assoc196:2009–2010.
10.
HamirANPierceVRichardsonD: 1997, Intraosseous hemangiosarcoma with metastasis in a three-month-old llama. J Vet Diagn Invest9:210–213.
11.
HamorRESeverinGARobertsSM: 1999, Intraocular melanoma in an alpaca. Vet Ophthalmol2:193–196.
HendrixDVHBochslerPNSaladinoB: 2000, Malignant teratoid medulloepithelioma in a llama. Vet Pathol37:680–683.
14.
IrwinJA: 2001, Lymphosarcoma in an alpaca. Can Vet J42:805–806.
15.
MaloneERoertgenKKoblukC: 1996, Anaplastic sarcoma of the mandible in a llama. Can Vet J37:426–428.
16.
McCauleyCTCampbellGACummingsCADrostWT: 2000, Ossifying fibroma in a llama. J Vet Diagn Invest12:473–476.
17.
PeauroiJRMohrFCFisherDJ: 1995, Anemia, hematuria and multicentric urinary neoplasia in a llama (Lama glama) exposed to bracken fern. J Zoo Wildl Med26:315–320.
18.
PotterKYoungJL: 1994, Three cases of hepatic neoplasia in llamas. Vet Med89:914–916.
19.
RobinsonWFMaxieMG: 1993, The cardiovascular system. In: Pathology of domestic animals, ed. JubbKVFKennedyPCPalmerNC, 4th ed., pp. 1–100. Academic Press, New York, NY.
20.
RogersKBarringtonGMParishSM: 1997, Squamous cell carcinoma originating from a cutaneous scar in a llama. Can Vet J38:643–644.
21.
SartinEAWaldridgeBMCarterDW: 1997, Gastric squamous cell carcinoma in three llamas. J Vet Diagn Invest9:103–106.
22.
SearcyGP: 2001, The hemopoietic system. In: Thomson's special veterinary pathology, ed. McGavinMDCarltonWWZacharyJF, 3rd ed., pp. 325–379. Mosby, St Louis, MO.
23.
SmithJA: 1989, Noninfectious diseases, metabolic diseases, toxicities and neoplastic diseases of South American camelids. In: Veterinary clinics of North America: food animal practice, ed. JohnsonLW, pp. 101–143. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.
24.
UnderwoodWJBellTJ: 1993, Multicentric lymphosarcoma in a llama. J Vet Diagn Invest5:117–121.
25.
VernuaWJacobsRMValliVEOHeeneyJL: 1997, The immunophenotypic characterization of bovine lymphomas. Vet Pathol34:222–225.
