Convenience Voting

Gronke Paul , ‘Early Voting and Turnout’ (2007) 40 PS: Political Science and Politics 639, 639.

Mostly postal or pre-poll. The figure was 18 per cent in the UK: The Electoral Commission (UK), Report on the Administration of the 2010 UK General Election (July 2010) para 5.10. The figure was 19 per cent in Australia: Australian Electoral Commission, Annual Report 2010–11 (AEC, 2011).

In theory, British electors still can, though they rarely due except for unexpected infirmity: Representation of the People Act 1983 (UK) Sch 4.

Miller George , Absentee Voting and Suffrage Laws (Daylion, 1948) 15.

Absent Voters Electoral Act 1890 (South Australia). The measure had a four-year sunset clause.

Commonwealth Electoral Act 1906 (Australia) Part X.

Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (Australia) Sch 2. The same criteria apply to permit early voting.

Electoral Reform Amendment Act 2014 (Queensland).

Maine, Maryland and South Dakota provide postal voting as of right; Colorado delivers postal votes without request.

Notably Oregon and Washington in the US; there have been trials in UK council elections.

Qvortrup Matt , ‘First Past the Postman: Voting by Mail in Comparative Perspective’ (2005) 76 The Political Quarterly 414, 415 and 418–9.

Ibid 417–8.

Ibid 418. See also Type Julian , ‘Compulsion and Problems in Local Government Turnout: Some Tasmanian Devilled Detail’ (Electoral Regulation Research Network conference, University of Queensland, 1 November 2013).

Simmons v Khan [2008] EWHC B4 (QB).

Richey Sean , ‘Who Votes Alone? The Impact of Voting by Mail on Political Discussion’ (2007) 40 Australian Journal of Political Science 435.

Putnam Robert , Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (Simon and Schuster, 2000).

Utley Tom , ‘Weddings, Funerals and Elections Need Ritual to Give them Dignity’, The Daily Telegraph (UK), 8 April 2005, 26.

Fund John , ‘The Disappearance of Election Day’, National Review Online, 1 October 2012

Thompson Dennis , ‘Election Time: Normative Implications of Temporal Properties of the Electoral Process in the United States’ (2004) 98 The American Political Science Review 51, 62.

NAACP State Conference v Cortés , 591 F. Supp. 2d 757, 765.

Charles Stewart III, ‘A Voter's Eye View of the 2012 Election’, MIT Political Science Department, Working Paper 2013–11.

Pool Bob , ‘L.A. County's Early Voters Don't Escape the Lines: It's not Election Day, but the Wait is still Five Hours to Cast a Ballot’, Los Angeles Times, 2 November 2008, B1.

Stewart , above n 21.

Green Heather , writing as Heather Lardy, ‘Modernising Elections: The Silent Premise of the Electoral Pilot Schemes’ [2003] Public Law 6, 7.

Ibid 10.

As evidenced by the continuing popularity of polling stations, even in jurisdictions with open-slather postal and early voting.

Hall Carla , ‘Out Here: One Vote, In Person’, Los Angeles Times, 6 November 2012, A12.

Murray Les A , ‘My Ancestress and the Secret Ballot, 1848 and 1851’ in Subhuman Redneck Poems (Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, 1996).

The founding father of the shopping mall, Victor Gruen, envisioned malls as a kind of ideal communal space. He later renounced what they became.

Orr Graeme , ‘The Ritual and Aesthetic in Electoral Law’ (2004) 32 Federal Law Review 425.

Fortier John C , Absentee and Early Voting: Trends, Promises, and Perils (American Enterprise Institute, 2006) 60.

Stuever Hank , ‘The Prized Token of Sticking Together on Election Day’, The Washington Post, 4 November 2008, C01.

Gerhart Ann , ‘Why Election “Day” Doesn't Exist Anymore’ The Washington Post, 6 November 2012, A04.

Rodriguez Gregory , ‘Restoring the Lost Thrill of Election Day’, Los Angeles Times (Online), 4 October 2010

Bennett W Lance , ‘Myth, Ritual and Political Control’ (1980) 30(4) Journal of Communication 166, 178.

Qvortrup , above n 11, 416.

Thompson , above n 19, 58.

O'Farrell John , quoted in Wheeler Brian , ‘Save the Polling Booth?’, BBC News (Online), 24 March 2004