Asia-Pacific

Ministry of Religion, Education on the Joint Decision 3/2008 (Power Point Presentation) (Attorney General and the Department of Home Affairs, 2008).

See, eg, Beck Herman L , ‘The Rupture between the Muhammadiyah and the Ahmadiyya’ (2005) 161(2–3) Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde 210–246.

Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulama Council No 11/MUNAS VII/MUI/15/2005 concerning Ahmadiyah.

For a more detailed analysis of this incident see Crouch Melissa , Indonesia, Militant Islam and Ahmadiyah: Origins and Implications (2009) ARC Federation Fellowship ‘Islam, Shariah and Governance’ Background Paper Series No 4.

Joint Decree of the Minister of Religious Affairs, the Attorney General and the Minister of the Interior of the Republic of Indonesia No 3/2008; No KEP033/A/JA/6/2008; No 199/2008 concerning a Warning and Order to the Followers, Members, and/or Leaders of the Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI) and to the General Public.

See Decision of the Constitutional Court No 140/PUU-VII/2009 concerning the Request for Judicial Review of the Blasphemy Law, 19 April 2010. For a brief discussion of the implications of this decision for Ahmadiyah, see Crouch Melissa , ‘Ahmadiyah in Indonesia: A history of religious tolerance under threat?’ (2011) 36(1) Alternative Law Journal 56–7.

A list of over 40 regional regulations or decisions banning the activities of Ahmadiyah is on file with the author.

Tarawih is the extra congregational prayers performed at night by Muslims during the month of Ramadan, the month of fasting, while Eid is the Muslim time of celebration after the month of Ramadan.

Decision of the Serang District Court No 419/PID.B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of H Ir. Deden Dermawan Sudjana, 15 August 2011, 13.

Ibid 18.

There are two main groups in Indonesia, Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia (‘JAI’), which represents the Qadian stream, and Gerakan Ahmadiyah Indonesia, which represents the Lahore branch. This article is concerned with JAI.

For example, Saad Baharudin was a 20-year-old student, see Decision of the Serang District Court No 313/PID. B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of Saad Baharudin, 28 July 2011. Another accused, Dani, was a 17-year-old student, see Decision of the Serang District Court No 318/PID.B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of Dani, 28 July 2011.

Decision of the Serang District Court No 308/Pid.B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of KH Ujang Muhahad Arif, 28 July 2011.

All references to the Criminal Code in this article have been adapted from the official English translation: Directorate General of Law and Legislation, Penal Code of Indonesia (Ministry of Justice, 1982).

Decision of the Serang District Court No 311/PID.B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of Endang, 28 July 2011.

‘Cikeusik verdict “chilling” message to minorities’ The Jakarta Post, 29 July 2011 <http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/07/29/cikeusik-verdict-%E2%80%98chilling%E2%80%99-message-minorities.html>.

Decision of the Serang District Court No 317/PID.B/2011/PN.SRG in the case of KH Muhammad Munir, 28 July 2011.

Ibid 4.

Ibid 34.

Decision of the Serang District Court No 419/PID.B/2011/PN.SRG, 15 August 2011.

Ibid 13.

Ibid 42.

‘27 US Congressmen urge RI to annul bans on Ahmadiyah sect’, The Jakarta Post (online), 17 March 2011 <http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/17/27-us-congressmen-urge-ri-annul-bans-ahmadiyah-sect.html>.

‘European Parliament Voices ‘Grave Concern’ Over Religious Violence in Indonesia’, The Jakarta Globe (online), 8 July 2011 <http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/european-parliament-voices-grave-concern-over-religious-violence-in-indonesia/451745>.

Human Rights Watch, ‘Indonesia: Ensure security in religious killings trial’, 19 April 2011 <http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/04/19/indonesia-ensure-security-religious-killings-trial>.

Oktofani Elisabeth & Tan Chrestella , ‘Activists Cry Foul at Lenient Prosecutors in Ahmadiyah Trial’, The Jakarta Globe (online), 8 July 2011, <http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/activists-cry-foul-at-lenient-prosecutors-in-ahmadiyah-trial/451544>.