Towards Justice and Reconciliation in East Timor

Kohen Arnold and Taylor John , An Act of Genocide: Indonesia's Invasion of East Timor, Tapol, London, 1979, pp.45–6.

For example, SC Res 384, 30 UN SCOR, UN Doc S/Res/384 (1975); GA Res 3485, 30 UN GAOR, UN Doc A/Res/3485 (1975); GA Res 31/53, 31 UN Doc, GAOR, UN Doc A/31/362 (1976); GA Res 32/24, 32 UN GAOR, UN Doc A/32/357 (1977); GA Res 37/30, UN GAOR, UN Doc A/37/51 (1982).

General Assembly, Identical Letters Dated 31 January 2000 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council and the Chairperson of the Commission on Human Rights, UN Doc S/2000/59, A/54/726, 31 January 2000 [Commission of Inquiry Report], para 9, p.7.

See Norwegian Refugee Council, Internal Displacement in Indonesia and East Timor: New Profile Summary, 8 August 2001 <http://www.reliefweb.int>.

Dodd Mark , ‘And Justice for all: Dili backs international war crimes tribunal’, Sydney Morning Herald, 22 June, 2001.

SC Res 1272, 54 UN SCOR (4057th mtg), UN Doc S/RES/1272 (1999).

Commission on Human Rights resolution 1999/S-4/1, Situation of human rights in East Timor. UN Doc E/CN.4/RES/1999/S-4/1, 27 September 1999.

Commission of Inquiry Report, above, ref 3, p.31.

Commission of Inquiry Report, above, ref 3, para 153, pp.32–33.

Commission of Inquiry Report, above, ref 3, para 155, p.33.

Commission of Inquiry Report, above, ref 3, para 7, p.3.

Presidential Decree No. 53/2001, 23 April 2001.

See UN Security Council, Security Council discusses current situation in East Timor and tasks leading up to election on 30 August, UN Doc SC/7061, 18 May 2001.

See France-Presse Agence , Megawati sanctions Timor crimes trials, 4 August 2001.

Commission on Human Rights, Report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in East Timor, UN Doc E/CN.4/2001/37, 6 February 2001 [Report of the High Commissioner 200], para 13, p.5.

See UNTAET, East Timor: Backgrounder — Justice and serious crimes, Dili, 9 July 2001 [Backgrounder 9 July 2001], and UNTAET Daily Briefing 08 August 2001 <http://www.reliefweb.int>.

Backgrounder, above, ref 16, 9 July 2001.

See UN Security Council, Progress Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor, UN Doc S/2001/719, 24 July 2001, para 31–2, p.7.

UN Security Council, above, ref 18, para 30, p.6.

See Margalit Avishai , ‘The Decent Society and Its Enemies’, unpublished paper, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1999, pp.2–3; and extracts from Margalit Avishai , The Decent Society, Harvard University Press, 1996, in Law Between Fear And Hope: Supplementary Readings, Session 2/1999, at 27–40.

See Bronkhorst, Daan, Truth and Reconciliation: Obstacles and Opportunities for Human Rights, Amnesty International Dutch Section, 1995, pp.85–9 for examples of commissions and the result of inquiries conducted between 1971 and 1995, pp.85–9.

Hayner Priscilla B. , Fifteen Truth Commissions — 1974–1994: A Comparative Study, (1994) 16(4) Human Rights Quarterly 600–11, 613–33, 635–55, in Kritz Neil J. , (ed), Transitional Justice: How Emerging Democracies Reckon with Former Regimes, 1995, p.226 [Transitional Justice].

UNTAET, Daily Briefing, 10 August 2001.

UNTAET, Daily Briefing, 10 August 2001.

Humphrey Michael , From Terrorto Trauma: Commissioning Truth for National Reconciliation, School of Sociology, UNSW, 1999, pp.1–2.

Humphrey , above, p.3.

Benomar , quoted in Albon Mary , ‘The Charter Seventy-Seven Foundation — New York, Truth and Justice: The Delicate Balance — Documentation of Prior Regimes and Individual Rights, October 30–November 1’, 1992, pp.15–18 in Transitional Justice, above, ref 22, p.290.

Sarkin Jeremy , ‘The Necessity and Challenges of Establishing a Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Rwanda’, (1999) 21 Human Rights Quarterly at 798.

Chayes Abram , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), Truth Commissions: A Comparative Assessment, Harvard Law School Human Rights Program, 1997, p.69.

Tamir Yael , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, p.71.

Steiner H.J. in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, pp.72–4.

Azzam Fateh , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, p.77.

Mendez Juan , ‘Review of a Miracle, A Universe’, by Wechsler Laurence , NYL Sch, (1991) 8(2) J. of Human Rights 577 at 583.

Zalaquett , Harvard Comparative Assessment, pp.16–17; see Krygier Martin , Between Fear and Hope: Hybrid Thoughts on Public Values, ABC Books, 1997, chapter 4, ‘Pride, Shame and Decency’.

Lopes Anciento Guterres , ‘Reconciliation from a Legal Perspective’, (21 June 2000) 1(1) The La'o Hamutuk Bulletin at 2.

Margalit Avishi , The Decent Society and Its Enemies, unpublished paper, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1999, p.3.

Sarkin , above, ref 28, p.797.

Hayner Priscialla B. , above, ref 22, p.227.

See Hayner , above, ref 22, at 225; Rotberg Robert , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, p.23, discussing the three C's: cleansing, community (reconstruction of civic culture), and consolidation of a democracy; see Hehir Aryan , in Steiner Henry J. (ed), above ref 29, discussing catharsis and moral reconstruction, p.24.

Burgenthal Thomas , The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador, (1994) 27(3) Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 498–507, 510–544, in Transitional Justice, above, ref 22, p.321.

Sarkin , above, ref 28, p.797–8.

Hayner , above, ref 22, p.228.

Zalaquett Jose , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, p.30.

Hayner , above, ref 22, pp.229–30.

Burgenthal , above, ref 40, p.321.

Burgenthal , above, ref 40, p.325.

Tamir Yael , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, pp.16–17.

Tamir Yael , in Steiner Henry J. , (ed), above, ref 29, p.17.

Humphrey Michael , above, ref 25, pp.23–4.

Hope for the Enemy, The Nation, 8 July 1997 (extracts from Aung San Suu Kyi, The Voice Of Hope, Conversations with Alan Clements, Seven Stories Press, 1998).

Aung San Suu Kyi, above, ref 50.

See Bronkhorst , above, ref 21, p.41.

See Hayner , above, ref 22, p.230.