In an environment where Māori approaches to evaluation are developing quickly, with ever-widening influence, this article is an attempt to capture the theoretical roots of Kaupapa1 Māori evaluation approaches. From a range of Kaupapa Māori theorists, six principles are drawn and their relevance to evaluation theory and practice is discussed. These principles are then mapped to major movements in evaluation theory, illustrating how Kaupapa Māori theory-based evaluation, arising as a unique praxis within the context of Aotearoa2 New Zealand, has strong alignment with international developments.
BishopR.1996, Whakawhanaugatanga: collaborative research stories, Dunmore Press, Palmerston North, NZ.
4.
CampbellD.1957, Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings', Psychological Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 297–312.
5.
CampbellD.T., & StanleyJ.C.1963, ‘Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research on teaching’, in GageN.L. (ed.), Handbook of research on teaching, Rand McNally, Chicago.
6.
CampbellD., & StanleyJ.1966, Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research, Rand-McNally, Chicago.
7.
CasswellS.1999, ‘Evaluation research’, in DavidsonC, & TolichM (eds), Social science research in New Zealand: many paths to understanding, Longman, Auckland.
8.
ChelimskyL.1997, ‘The coming transformations in evaluation’, in ChelimskyE, & ShadishW.R. (eds), Evaluation for the 21st century, Sage, Thousand Oaks, California.
9.
ChenH-T1990, Theory-driven evaluations, Sage, Newbury Park, California.
10.
CramF.1997, ‘Developing partnerships in research: Pākehā researchers and Māori research’, Sites, no. 35, pp. 44–63.
11.
CramF.2002, Māori Science: three case studies—final report, The Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington, August 2002.
12.
CramF.2004, ‘Celebrating the ordinary: the practice of “by Māori, for Māori evaluation”’, paper presented at the American Evaluation Association Conference, ‘Evaluation 2004 Fundamental Issues’, Atlanta, Georgia, 3-6 November.
13.
CronbachL.J. & Associates 1980, Toward reform of program evaluation: aims, methods and institutional arrangements, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
14.
CronbachL.J.1982, Designing evaluations of educational and social programs, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
15.
DonaldsonS.I.2001, ‘Mediator and moderator analysis in program development’, in SussmanS (ed.), Handbook of program development for health behavior research, Sage, Newbury Park, California.
16.
DonaldsonS.2007, Program theory-driven evaluation science: strategies and applications, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, New Jersey.
17.
EketoneA.2008, ’Theoretical underpinnings of Kaupapa Māori directed practice, MAI Review, no. 1, Target Article.
18.
HouseE.R., & HoweK.R.2000, ‘Deliberative democratic evaluation in practice’, in StufflebeamD, MadausG.F., & KellaghanT (eds), Evaluation models, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
19.
International Research Institute for Māori and Indigenous Education (IRI) in collaboration with Rōpū Rangahau Hauora a Eru Pōmare 2000, Māori research development: kaupapa Māori principles and practices—a literature review, prepared for Te Puni Kōkiri, the Ministry of Māori Development, Wellington.
20.
IrwinK.1994, ‘Maori research methods and practices’, Sites, no. 28, Autumn, pp. 25–43.
21.
KawakamiA., AtonK., CramF., LaiM.K., & PorimaL.2007, ‘Improving the practice of evaluation through indigenous values and methods: decolonizing evaluation practice—returning the gaze from Hawai'i and Aotearoa’, in BrandonP, & SmithN (eds), Fundamental issues in evaluation, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 219–242.
22.
KennedyV., & WehipeihanaN.2006, ‘A stocktake of national and international ethical guidelines on health and disability research in relation to indigenous people’, unpublished report, The National Ethics Advisory Committee, Te Kāhui Matatika o te Motu, Wellington.
23.
KerrS.2006, ‘First person, first peoples: a journey through boundaries’, American Journal of Evaluation, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 360–369.
24.
MarkM., HenryG., & JulnesG.2000, Evaluation: an integrated framework for understanding, guiding, and improving public and nonprofit policies and programs, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
25.
MatairaP.2003, ‘Māori evaluation research, theory and practice: lessons for Native Hawaiian evaluation studies’, paper presented at the meeting of the Evaluation Hui, Honolulu, Hawaii, June.
26.
MertensD.2008, Transformative research and evaluation, Guilford Press, New York.
PattonM.Q.1978, Utilization-focused evaluation, Sage, Beverley Hills, California.
31.
PattonM.Q.1997, Utilization-focused evaluation: the new century text, 3rd edn, Sage, London.
32.
PattonM.Q.2010, Developmental evaluation: applying complexity concepts to enhance innovation and use, Guilford Press, New York.
33.
PattonM.Q., GrimesP.S., GuthrieK.M., BrennanN.J., FrenchB.D., & BlythD.A.1977, ‘In search of impact: an analysis of the utilization of federal health evaluation research’, in WeissC.H. (ed.), Using social research in public policy making, Heath, Lexington, Massachusetts.
34.
PihamaL.1993, ‘Tungia te Ururua, Kia Tupu Whakaritorito te Tepu o te Harakeke’, unpublished Master's thesis, The University of Auckland.
35.
PihamaL.2001, ‘Tihei mauri ora Honouring our voices: Mana wahine as kaupapa Maori theoretical framework’, unpublished PhD thesis, The University of Auckland.
36.
PihamaL., & PenehiraM.2005, Building baseline data on Māori, whānau development and Māori realising their potential: literature review—facilitating engagement, final report, Auckland Uniservices Ltd, prepared for Te Puni Kōkiri, The University of Auckland.
37.
PipiK., CramF., HawkeR., HawkeS., HuriwaiT.M., & MatakiT.2004, ‘A research ethic for studying Māori and iwi provider success’, Social Policy Journal of New Zealand, no. 23, December, pp. 141–153.
ScrivenM.1983, ‘Evaluation ideologies’, in MadausG.F., ScrivenM, & StufflebeamD.L. (eds.), Evaluation models: viewpoints on educational and human services evaluation, Kluwer-Nijhoff, Boston.
ScrivenM.2001, ‘An overview of evaluation theories’, Evaluation Journal of Australasia, vol. 1(new series), no. 2, pp. 61–69.
42.
ScrivenM.2003, ‘Evaluation theory and metatheory’, in KellaghanT, StufflebeamD.L., & WingateL.A. (eds), International handbook of education evaluation: part 1—perspectives, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Germany.
43.
SmithG.1997, ‘The development of Kaupapa: theory and praxis’, unpublished PhD thesis, Education Department, The University of Auckland.
44.
SmithG.2003, ‘Kaupapa Māori theory: theorizing indigenous transformation of education and schooling’, paper presented at the Kaupapa Māori Symposium, NZARE/AARE Joint Conference, Auckland.
45.
SmithL.1999, Decolonizing methodologies: research and indigenous peoples, Zed Books, London.
46.
Social Policy Evaluation and Research (SPEaR) Committee2007, Report on the SPEaR best practice Māori guidelines Hui 2007, a collaboration between SPEaR and Aotearoa/New Zealand Evaluation Association (anzea), Ministry of Social Development, Wellington.
47.
Social Policy Evaluation and Research (SPEaR) Committee2008, SPEaR good practice guidelines, Ministry of Social Development, Wellington.
48.
StakeR.1996, ‘For all program evaluations there's a criterion problem’, Evaluation: the International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 99–103.
49.
StakeR.2003, ‘How far dare an evaluator go to save the world?’, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, 21-25 April.
50.
TakiM.1996, ‘Kaupapa Māori and contemporary iwi resistance’, unpublished Master's thesis, Education Department, The University of Auckland.
51.
TylerR.W.1942, ‘General statement on evaluation’, Journal of Educational Research, no. 35, pp. 492–501.
52.
WalkerR.1989, Ka whawhai tonu matau: struggle without end, Penguin, Auckland.
53.
WalkerS.1996, ‘Kia tau te Rangimarie: Kaupapa Māori theory as a resistance against the construction of Māori as the “Other”’, unpublished Master's thesis, The University of Auckland.
54.
WehipeihanaN.2008, ‘Indigenous evaluation: a journey beyond participatory and collaborative approaches in evaluation’, paper presented at the Australasian Evaluation Society 2008 Conference, Perth, 10-12 September.
55.
WholeyJ.1983, Evaluation and effective public management, Little Brown, Boston.
