The Problems and Challenges of Rural Master Plans (RMPs) in Iran

Abstract

Iran’s rural development model, primarily centred on physical and infrastructural improvements, has been driven by the Rural Master Plans (RMPs) for over four decades. This study evaluates the challenges associated with RMPs, revealing that many rural managers and villagers remain unaware of the plans’ objectives and implementation processes. While RMPs exhibit strengths and opportunities that support an aggressive development strategy, they face significant weaknesses, particularly in addressing the economic and environmental dimensions. Villagers often perceive the plans as unsuitable, with insufficient focus on economic diversification and environmental sustainability. The findings indicate that RMPs have a limited impact on economic and environmental aspects compared to other dimensions, underscoring their functional shortcomings. To achieve sustainable rural development, RMPs must prioritise diversifying economic activities and integrating environmental considerations into planning and implementation processes.