Infant Formula Supply Problems and Public Health

United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund. Breastfeeding: a mother’s gift, for every child [prepared by UNICEF’s Nutrition Section, Programme Division, Data and Analytics Section, Division of Data, Research and Policy, and Division of Communication]. New York: United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund; 2018.

Binns C Lee MK Kagawa M , et al. Infant feeding guidelines for the Asia Pacific Region. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2018;30(8):682-690.

Binns C Lee MK Yun Low W , et al. Guidelines for complementary feeding of infants in the Asia Pacific Region: APACPH Public Health Nutrition Group. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2020;32(4):179-187.

Victora CG Bahl R Barros AJ , et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475-490.

World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund. How the marketing of formula milk influences our decisions on infant feeding. New York: UNICEF; 2022.

Binns CW Lee MK . Public health impact of breastfeeding. In: McQueen DV , ed. Oxford encyclopedia of global public health. New York: Oxford University Press; 2019. https://oxfordre.com/publichealth/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.001.0001/acrefore-9780190632366-e-66. Accessed July 26, 2021.

Walters DD Phan LTH Mathisen R . The cost of not breastfeeding: global results from a new tool. Health Policy Plan. 2019;34(6):407-417.

Doherty T Coutsoudis A McCoy D , et al. Is the US infant formula shortage an avoidable crisis? [published online ahead of print May 30, 2022]. Lancet.

Bertmann F Dunn CG Racine EF Fleischhacker S . The risk of homemade infant formulas: historical and contemporary considerations. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022;122(4):697-708.

Koleilat M Whaley SE Clapp C . The impact of COVID-19 on breastfeeding rates in a low-income population. Breastfeed Med. 2022;17(1):33-37.

Whited N Cervantes J . Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk after vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breastfeed Med. 2022;17(6):475-483.

Doan TTD Pham NM Zhao Y , et al. Breastfeeding and the COVID-19 epidemic in Vietnam. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2022;34(4):411-412.

El-Sharoud WM O’Brien S Negredo C Iversen C Fanning S Healy B . Characterization of Cronobacter recovered from dried milk and related products. BMC Microbiol. 2009;9:24.

Fei P Jing H Ma Y , et al. Cronobacter spp. in commercial powdered infant formula collected from nine provinces in China: prevalence, genotype, biofilm formation, and antibiotic susceptibility. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:900690.

Pakbin B Bruck WM Allahyari S Rossen JWA Mahmoudi R . Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii strains isolated from powdered infant formula milk. Foods. 2022;11(8):1093.

Qiu L Binns CW Zhao Y Lee AH Xie X . Breastfeeding practice in Zhejiang province, PR China, in the context of melamine-contaminated formula milk. J Health Popul Nutr. 2010;28(2):189-198.

Binns C Lee MK Maycock B Torheim LE Nanishi K Duong TTD . Climate change, food supply, and dietary guidelines. Annu Rev Public Health. 2021;42:233-255.

Lakati A Binns C Stevenson M . Breast-feeding and the working mother in Nairobi. Public Health Nutr. 2002;5(6):715-718.

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021;325(3):265-279.

National Health and Medical Research Council. Statement on electronic cigarettes. https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/health-advice/all-topics/electronic-cigarettes/ceo-statement. Published 2022. Accessed June 27, 2022.