Flo and the United States(1975-1995)

1. Robert G. Neumann , “The Middle East in the Next Decade”, American Arab Affairs (American Arab Affairs Council, New York), summer 1988, No. 25, pp. 1–2.

2. Henry Kissinger , Years of Upheavels (Delhi Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 1981), p. 619. As late as in 1974 American intellectuals were putting forward the PLO as the fashionable key to unlock… the doors to a settlement”, writes Kissnger. Ibid; p. 1138. See also Henry Kissnger; Observations, Selected Speeches and Essays; 1982-84. (Little Brown & Company Boston; 1985), p. 100.

3. For details see Melvin A. Friendlander, “Jimmy Carter's Fascination with the Middle East”, South-Eastern Political Review , no. 16, spring 1988, pp. 205–30.

4. Ibid. , p. 2, col. 2.

5. Yediot Ahronot , 5 February 1988.

6. For details see Robert G. Neumann, n. 1, pp. 4–5.

7. Ibid. , p. 7, col. 2.

8. Quoted by Neumann, Ibid. , p. 8, cols. 1-2.

9. Neumann, n. 1, p. 13.

10. For text see Ronald Reagnn, “The Time Has Come for a New Realism on the Part of All….”, Washington Post , 2 September 1982.

11. See Alexander H. Haig, Jr., Caveat: Realism, Reagan and Foreign Policy (New York, Macmillan, 1984), pp. 344–52.

12. Ibid ; pp. 325–30.

13. Ibid. , p. 329.

15. Ibid. , pp. 329–30.

16. Reagan, n. 11, Washington Post , 2 September 1982.

27. See New York Times, 3 September 1982 for text of the Israel's communique on the Reagan Plan.

28. Interview, Yehiel Kadishai, Chief of Cabinet to Menachem Begin, Jerusalem , December 1983.

29. Melvin A. Friedlander , “Ronald Reagan's flirtation with the West Bank—1982-88”, American-Arab Affairs , summer 1988, no. 25, p. 19.

30. Clinton Bailey , Jordan's Palestinian Challenge, 1948-1983 (Boulder, Colarado, Westview Press, 1984), pp. 127–8.

31. Ibid. , p. 13.

32. Nimrod Novik , Encounter with Reality: Reagan and the Middle East During the First Term (Boulder, Colorado, Westview Press, 1985), p. 105.

33. Bailey, n. 31, p. 114.

34. Ibid. , p. 118.

35. Barry Rubin , “The Reagan Administration and the Middle East”, incorporated in Kenneth A. Crye , et al., ed., Eagle Resurgent? The Reagan Era in American Foreign Policy (Boston, Little Brown & Company, 1987), p. 445.

36. See Wllam B. Quandt., “Reagan's Lebanon Policy: Trial and Error”, The Middle East Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 237–54.

37. See Robert Oakley, “International Terrorism”, Foreign Affairs, America and the World, 1986, vol. 65, No. 3, pp. 621–8.

38. Martin Indyk , “Reagan and the Middle East”, SAIS Review, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 127–8.

39. Hasan Bin Talal , “Return to Geneva”, Foreign Policy , no. 57, p. 12.

40. Barry Rubin , “Middle East: Search for Peace”, Foreign Affairs America and the World, 1985, vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 590–92.

41. Indyk, n. 34, pp. 126–7.

42. Rubin , “Middle East Search for Peace”, n. 41, p. 592.

43. Rubin , “The Reagan Administration and the Middle East”, n. 36, p. 452.

44. Rubin , “Middle East Search for Peace,” n. 41, pp. 595–7.

45. Oakley, n. 38, pp. 616–20.

46. Sara Robertson , ed., “Chronology 1986”, Foreign Affairs, America and the World, 1986, vol. 65, No. 3, p. 673.

47. Ibid. , p. 674.

48. Asher Sussev , “Double Jeopardy: PLO Strategy toward Israel and Jordan”, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy , Policy Paper, no. 8, p. 55.

49. In Algiers in early June 1987 during a summit meeting of Arab heads of State, the assembled not only reiterated their support for the PLO, but formed a partnership with the Palestinian leadership to direct the course of its uprising on the West Bank. [See Youssef M. Ibraham, “Arab Parley: Hard Stance”, The New York Times , 12 June 1988.

50. Graham Fuller , et al., The Impact of the Uprising: Report of a Fact Finding Mission for the Washington Institute's Presidential Study Group on U.S. Policy in the Middle East (Washington, D.C., The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1988), p. 6.

51. See Robert Pear, “Shultz Tries Again: but Peace Seems as Elusive—and Complex—as Ever”, The New York Times , 12 June 1988.

52. See Emile A. Nakhleh, “The West Bank of Gaza: Twenty Years Later”, The Middle East Journal, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 209–10 and 215-16.

53. Fuller, et al., n. pp. 11–16.

54. See David Halevy and Neil C. Livingstone, “The Killing of Abu Jihad”, Washington, Vol. 23, No. 9, pp. 158–72.

55. Fuller, et. al. n. 51, pp. 17–18.

56. John Law , “Why Arafat's Gamble has so far Failed”, Middle East International (London), 1 December 1989, p. 16, col. 1.

57. Ibid .

68. Ibid. , col. 2.

69. Times of India , 8 September 1988.

60. Indian Express , 12 November 1989.

61. Middle East International (London) , 1 December 1989, p. 16, col. 2.

62. Department of State Bulletin , 22 May 1989, p. 9.

63. John Law , “Why Arafat's Gamble has so far Failed”, n. 57, p. 17, col. 1.

64. Hindustan Times , 16 May 1989.

65. John Law, n. 57, p. 17, col. 2.

66. National Herald , 2 July 1992.

67. Hindu , 20 December, 1992.

68. National Herald , 20 December 1992.

69. Times of India , 23 March, 1994. See also Hindustan Times, 11 February, 1994. Statesman, 27th June 1994.

70. Text of the Third Report submitted by the US Department of State on “Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories”, in April, 1993 published as index in the Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. XXII, No. 1, Autumn 1993, pp. 150–51.

71. Khalil Barhoum , “Why Palestinian Question the Peace Process”, Middle East International (London), 14 April 1993, no. 450, p. 16, col. 1.

72. New York Times , 17 September 1992.

73. Ibid .

74. Khalil Barhoum , “Why Palestinians Question the Peace Process, n. 68, p. 16, col. 1.

75. Khalil Barhoum, n. 68, pp. 160–17, cols. 2&1 respectively.

76. Comment by Khalil Barhoum, Ibid. , p. 17, col. 1.

77. Ibid. , col. 2.

78. Extracts from the text of Declaration of Principles signed in white House on 20 September 1993, published as special document in the Journal of Palestinian Studies, Vol. XIII, No. 1, Autumn 1993, pp. 115–18.

79. Excerpts from the text of speech delivered by President Bill Clinton on the occasion of signing the historic accord. The text has appeared in the Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. XXIII, No. 2, winter 1994, pp. 119–20.

80. Ibid. , p. 123.

81. Excerpts from the text of speech by Les Aspin, published in Journal of Palestine Studies (London), vol. XXIII, No. 1, Autumn 1993, p. 151.

82. New York Times , 13 October 1994 and also Middle East International London ), 16 December 1994, col. 2.

83. Washington Post 20 October, 1994.

88. New York Times , 13 December 1994.

89. Hindustan Times , 9 December 1994.

90. Indian Express , 18 October 1994.

91. Times of India , 25 March 1995.

93. New York Times , 2 March 1995.

95. Patriot , 21 September 1995 p. 6.

96. National Herald , 26 September 1995, p. 1, cols. 2-4.

97. The Pioneer , 29 September 1995, p. 7, col. 4.

98. The Asian Age , 29 September 1995, p. 1, col. 3.

99. Indian Express , 29 September 1995, p. 14.

100. Christian Chase, “Accord was historic, but excitement was missing”, The Asian Age , 30 September 1995, p. 6.

102. Ibid. , col. 6.

103. bid. , col. 7.

104. Hindustan Times , 1 October 1995, p. 15, col. 3.

106. The Pioneer (New Delhi), 30 September 1995, p. 6, col. 1.

110. Ibid. , col. 2.

112. Ibid. , cols. 2-3.

113. Ibid. , cols. 3-4.

114. Ibid. , col. 5.

118. Indian Express , 30 September 1995, p. 11, col. 2.

121. Christian Chase , No. 102, p. 10, col. 6.