Lived Experiences of CKD Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Phenomenological Study

Abstract

Introduction

There are several issues in India which contribute to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is estimated that about 60%–70% of CKD cases in India are due to diabetes and hypertension. Haemodialysis (HD) is the most common treatment modality for end-stage CKD in the world. The CKD patients undergoing HD face many problems due to metabolic abnormalities, toxic conditions and electrolyte imbalance from renal impairment and changes in lifestyle.

Objective

The study aimed to explore the lived experiences of CKD patients undergoing HD.

Method

This study used Colaizzi’s phenomenological research design and a semi-structured interview guide. Non-probability convenience sampling was used in the study. Sample selection criteria included patients with CKD undergoing HD for 3 months or more, aged more than 18 years and who speak Hindi or English. Data saturation was reached after taking 12 interviews. Data were analysed by using thematic analysis with the help of scientific software ATLAS.ti 9.

Result

Overall, 5 themes and 14 sub-themes emerged. The following themes emerged from the data: uncertainty in life, dependence, lifestyle changes, coping and support and satisfaction with care.

Conclusion

The study concluded that patients undergoing HD experience numerous challenges, including both physical and emotional difficulties throughout their treatment journey. Many perceive HD as their sole means of survival. These issues highlight the need for focused attention and intervention. Insights from this study can assist nurses in enhancing the quality of care provided and in offering positive reinforcement to support patients in leading a better quality of life.