India-Nepal Trade from Antiquity to Recent Times

Sharma B.C. , Nepalko Aitihasik Rupa-Rekha (in Nepalese), Benares, 2022 B.S. , pp. 48, 58, 71–72, 76.

Chatterjee S.K. , Kirata-Jana-Kriti, Calcutta, 1951, p. 23.

Regmi D.R. . Ancient Nepal, Calcutta, 1969, pp. 261–262. Lallani Gopal , The Economic Life of Northern India C.A.D. 700-1200 Banarasidass Motilal , 1965, pp. 105–111.

Pemberton R.B. , Report on Bootan, Indian Studies: Past and Present, Calcutta, 1961, pp. 80–81.

Journal of the Asiatic Society, Calcutta, 1966. Vol. VIII, No. 3.

Markham Clement R. , Narrative of the Mission of George Bogle to Tibet and of Journey of Thomas Manning to Lhasa, London, 1876, p. liv.

Filippi Fillippo De (ed.) An Account of Tibet: The Travels of Ippolito Desideri of Pistoria, s.j. 1712-1727, London.

Markham , op. cit., liv.

Ibid. , p. 48.

Ibid. , p. 124.

Morung-An old name for the Nepal Trarai lying north of the Purnea district. “The name is an old one being mentioned more than once in the Alamgirnamah and in the annals of the Koch Kings. It is shown in Van den Broucke’s map as comprising the whole Himalayan tract from Bihar to Assam; and in Rennell’s map of 1779 the Nepal Tarai between Muzaffarpur and Jalpaiguri is entered under this name.” Malley L.S.S. O’ (ed), Bengal District Gazetteers: Purnea, Calcutta. 1911. p. 198.

Markham , op. cit., p. 128.

Richardson H.E. , Tibet and its history, Oxford University Press, London, 1962, p. 64.

Lamb Alastair , Britain and Chinese Central Asia: The Road to Lhasa 1767 to 1905 London, 1960 p. 6. Chaudhuri K.C. , Anglo-Nepalese Relations Calcutta, 1960, pp. 13–33. Regmi D.R. , Modem Nepal. Calcutta 1961, pp. 69–76.

Lamb , op. cit., p. 8. Chaudhuri , op. cit., pp. 34–39. Regmi , op. cit., pp. 147–149. Chaudhuri P.C. Ray , Muzaffaipur Old Records, pp. 1–2. Sarkar S.C. , “Some Notes on the intercourse of Bengal with the Northen Countries in the second half of the 18th Century” Bengal Past and Present, Vol. XLI, 1931, pp. 119–126. Sarkar S.C. , “Some Interesting Documents” Bengal Past and Present, Vol. XLIV, 1932, pp. 42–45.

Markham , op. ccit., chap. XVIII. p. 205.

Kirkpatrick Colonel , An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal, London, 1811, pp. 204, 353, 372, 373.

Chaudhuri , op. cit., pp. 76–96. Regmi , op. cit. pp 239–253. Kadir Abdul suggested direct trade relation with china and Tibet without intervention trade relation with china and Tibet without intervention of Nepal.

Lamb , op. cit., p. 35. Sanwal B.D. , Nepal and the East India Company, Asia Publishing House, 1965, pp. 91–95.

Hunter W.W. , Brian Houghton Hodgson, London, 1896, p. 112.

Hodgson B.H. , Essays on the Languages Literature, and Religion of Nepal and Tibet together with futher papers on the Geopraphy Ethonology and Commerce of those countries, 1874, Part II. Section VIII p. 95.

Ibid. , p. 97.

Ibid. , p. 109.

Ibid. , p. 96.

Proceedings of the Bengal Government General Department. July-1864, No. 23-28 pp. 47–57. Bengal Administration Report for 1862-1865, pp 178–181.

Ibid. , p. 180.

Ibid. , for 1871-72. Part II, p. 10.

Ibid. , p. 11.

Ibid. , p. 45.

Pol A. Feb-1875, No. 33. Edgar to the Commissioner of Cooch Behar No. 17, dated 21 April 1874.

Pol A. Feb. Wade to Eart of Derby, No. 144, 14 July 1874, 1875. No. 25.

Pol A. Feb-1875. No. 24, Wade to Northbrook dated 26 July 1874.

Pol A. Feb-1875. No. 30, Girdlestone to Wyne, the officiating Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department. No. 18 P dated 9 June 1874.

Pol A. Feb-1875. No. 34. Aitchison, Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department to Thompson, Secretary to the Government of Bengal No. 238P dated 25 January 1875. Pol a. Feb-1875. No. 36. Government of India to the Secretary of State No. 19 dated 29 January, 1875.

Rev. A. June 1879 No. 1. Secretary of State to the Government of India No. 13 (Statistics and Commerce) dated 13 February 1879.

Rev. A. Aug. 1877 Nos. 22 and 30.

Rev. A. D. 1877 No. 1.

Pol A. Oct. 1879 No. 134.

From Director of the Department of Agriculture and Commerce, N.W. Provinces and Oudh to Robertson, Secretary to the Government N.W. Provinces and Oudh. No. 1252 C.C.S.V. dated 11 October 1879. Pol. A. March 1880, No. 330.

Pol A. March 1880 No. 301.

Pol A. March 1880 No. 196. Proceedings of the Fyzabad Conference beld on 26 January, 1880.

Pol E. Jan 1883 No. 180-181 K.W.

Gen. A. July 1882 No. 49. Resident’s No. 64P dated 19 June 1882.

Nepal Residency S.L. No. 437. F. No. 3026-G-1889. Sen Jahar , Darjeeling: A Favoured Retreat, New Delhi, 1989, pp. 47–52.

Risley H. H. , The Gazetter of Sikkim, 1894, p. XII.

Ibid. , p. XIV.

Sen Jahar , Indo-Nepal Trade in the Nineteenth Century, Calcutta, 1977, Passim. ———, Essay in Indo-Nepal Trade, Calcutta, 1991, passim. ———,India and Nepal: Some Aspects of Culture Contact, Shimla, 1992, pp. 10–14. An excellent analysis of the impact of India-Nepal trade on the Indian and Nepalese economy in the nineteenth century occurs in Regmi Mahesh C. , An Economic History of Nepal (1846-1901), Varanasi, 1988, passim.

Bhattarai Madan Kumar , Diplomatic History of Nepal (1901-1929) New Delhi, 1990, pp. 102–115.

Ibdi. , p. 113.

For successive trade and transit treaties, kindly consult. Bhasin A.S. (ed.); Documents on Nepal’s Relations with India and China 1949-66, Bombay, 1970. Banskota N.P. , Indo-Nepal Trade and Economic Relations, Delhi, 1981. Muni SD. , India and Nepal: A Changing Relationship, Delhi, 1992. Sutapa Sarkar, India-Nepal Relations 1960-91, Calcutta, 1993.

Sircar Jawhar , “Trade Relations, Transits and Agreements”, mimeographed paper presented to India-Nepal Cooperation Broadening Measures (CBMs) Workshop held on 30–31 December 1995 at Administrative Training Institute, Calcutta-19 under the auspices of South Asia Research Society, B.P. Koirala Foundation and Peace Studies Group, Department of History, Calcutta University, p. 3, para 12.

Ibid. , p. 4, para 18.

Chatterjee Bipul Kiron , “Economic-Technological Cooperation Broadening Measures”, mimeographed paper presented to India-Nepal CBMs Workshop, p. 2.

“Indo-Nepal Relations: Trade and Investment”, a mimeographed paper presented to India-Nepal CBMs Workshop, p. 10.

Chatterjee , op. cit., pp. 6–7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Annexure I to II have been taken from Jawhar Sarkar, “Trade Relations, Transits and Agreements”, paper presented at India-Nepal CBMs Workshop at ATI, Salt Lake, Calcutta on 30 December 1995.