TMD in Down Syndrome

Abstract

Down syndrome is the most common autosomal trisomy with an incidence of 1 in 700 to 800 live births. ¹ Hematologic abnormalities are common in Down syndrome. 10% of infants with Down syndrome develop an abnormal myeloproliferative disorder called transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM). ² It occurs because of uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts in peripheral blood and bone marrow and is characterized by the presence of GATA-1 mutation along with trisomy 21. The majority of the cases show spontaneous remission without the need for chemotherapy, and only supportive care is required for such cases. We present a newborn with Down syndrome who developed TAM within the first week of life and showed spontaneous remission with supportive care.