After more than half a century of use of oxygen in neonates, there are many areas related to oxygen therapy in neonates in which the available information based on current evidence remains inadequate. To address the knowledge gaps that prevent optimal, evidence-based care in this critical field, National Neonatology forum, India is bringing out a set of guidelines on Oxygen therapy in neonates. The present article, which is based on these guidelines, proposes to review oxygen therapy in neonates including what is presently known on this topic, gaps in knowledge and researchable issues.
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