Preterm Skin - Is it protective?

Chuong CM , Nickoloff BJ , Elias PM , . What is the 'true' function of the skin? Exp Dermatol 2002; 11:159.

Hoath S , Visscher M , Heaton C . Skin science and the future of dermatology. Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 1998; 3:2.

Hoath S , Leahy D. Formation and function of the stratum corneum. In: Marks E , Leveque J-L , Voegeli R (eds). The Essential Stratum Corneum. London, Martin Dunitz Ltd, 2002: pp 31–40.

Narendran V , Hoath SB. The Skin. In: Martin RJ , Fanaroff AA , Walsh MC (eds). Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. 8th edition. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier, 2006: p. 1686–1687.

Siegfried EC. Neonatal skin and skin care. Pediatr Dermatol 1998;16:437–446.

Fletcher MA. Skin. In: Physical Diagnosis in Neonatology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1998: p. 109.

Darmstadt GL , Dinulos JG. Neonatal skin care. Clin Pediatr 2000;47:757–782.

Hammarlund K , Sedin G. Transepidermal water loss in newborn infants. III. Relation to gestaional age. Acta Pediatrica Scand 1979; 68:795.

Hammarlund K , Sedin G : Transepidermal water loss in newborn infants. Acta Pediatr Scand 1982; 71: 191.

Nickoloff BJ , Naidu Y : Perturbation of epidermal barrier function correlates with initiation of cytokines cascade in human skin. J Amer Acad Dermatol 1994;31:535–546.

Stoll BJ : The global impact of neonatal infection. Clin Perinatol 1997;24:1–21.

Cartlidge PHT , Fox PE , Rutter N. The scars of newborn intensive care. In: Early Human Development. 21” ed. Nottingham, Ireland, Elsevier Scientific Publisher's Ireland Ltd, 1990, pp 1–10.

Siegefried EC , Stone MS , Madison KC : Ultraviolet light burn: a cutaneous complication of visible light therapy for neonatal jaundice. Pediatric Dermatology 1992; 9:278.

Rutter N : Percutaneous drug absorption in the newborn: Hazards and uses. Clin Perinatol 1987; 14: 911.

Cartlidge PHT , Rutter N : Percutaneous oxygen delivery to the preterm infant. Lancet 1988; 331:315.

Kalia YN , Nonato LB , Lund CH , et al: Development of skin barrier function in preterm infants. J Invest Dermatol 1998;111:320–326.

Kaushal M , Agarwal R , Aggarwal R , Singal A , Upadhyay M , Srinivas V , Paul VK , Deorari AK. Cling wrap, an innovative intervention for temperature maintenance and reduction of insensible water loss in very low-birthweight babies nursed under radiant warmers: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Trap Paediatr 2005;25:111–118.

Rutter N , Hull D : Reduction of skin water loss in the newborn: I. Effect of applying topical agents. Arch Dis Child 1981;56:669–672.

World Health Organization. Care of the umbilical cord. WHO/ FHE/MSM-cord care. Geneva: WHO, 1998.

Tielsch JM , Darmstadt GL , Mullany LC , Khatry SK , Katz J , Le Clerq SC , Shrestha S , Adhikari R. Impact of newborn skin-cleansing with Chlorhexidine on neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomized trial. Pediatrics 2007;119:e330–40.

Belfrage E , Enocksson E , Kalin M , Marland M. Comparative efficiency of Chlorhexidine and ethanol in umbilical cord care. Scand J Infect Dis 1985;17:413–420.

Speck WT , Driscoll JM , O'Neil J , Rosenkranz HS. Effect of antiseptic cord care on bacterial colonization in the newborn infant. Chemotherapy 1980;26:372–376.

Mullany LC , Darmstadt GL , Khatry SK , Katz J , LeClerq SC , Shrestha S , Adhikari R , Tielsch JM. Topical applications of Chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord for prevention of omphalitis and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2006;367:910–918.

Darmstadt GL , Badrawi N , Law PA , Ahmed S , Bashir M , Iskander I , . Topically applied sunflower seed oil prevents invasive bacterial infections in preterm infants in Egypt: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004;23:719–725.

Edwards WH , Connor JM , Soll RF. The effect of Aquaphor original emollient ointment on nosocomial sepsis rates and skin integrity in infants of birth weight 501 to 1000 grams. Pediatr Res. 2001;49:388A

Nangia S. Effect of coconut oil application in peretrm VLBW infants: RCT. DM dissertation. AIIMS, New Delhi. 2007.