Consciousness and Structure in the Gramscian Perspective Part-1

Abstract

An interpretation of Gramsci’s perspective on Consciousness and Structure and its implications for education is explored in a paper presented in two parts. This first part reflects on the conceptual framework of the development of consciousness in the process of historical changes as the basis to understanding his views on knowledge in society and education. It analyses Gramsci’s theoretical insights as well as his criticism of the positions of the positivistes and the ‘mechanical materialists’ who in his view neglect the dialectical relationship between conscious critical activity and material and social reality. The paper highlights his conception of the unity of theory and practice, his understanding of the social system with its relations between structure and superstructures, and his views on the state and the conflicting social hegemonies.