The official enumeration of tribes as the Schedule Tribes (ST) in India, which is vaguely defined, appears to encompass all the tribes. However, there are upcoming demands for such recognition as ST. In Manipur where tribe has been co-existed with political formations like ethno-nationalism and taken synonymous with hills as tribal areas such demand for recognition gets complex. Here tribe despite the fact of its co-existence with ethno-nationalism cannot be assumed as social stage towards the latter. Rather, ethno-nationalism, for certain tribal group, creates condition of living without able to be included in the official list of tribes.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AloysiusG.2002Nationalism without a Nation in India, Delhi: Oxford University Press.
2.
BarthFredrik.1969. ‘Pathan Identity and its Maintenance', In BarthFredrik (ed.), Ethnic Groups and Boundaries; The Social Organization of Cultural Difference, (Bergen-Oslo: Universitets Forlaget, London: George Allen & Unwin, pp. 117–134.
3.
BaruahSanjib.2010. Ethnonationalism in India: A Reader, Delhi: Oxford University Press.
4.
BeteilleAndre.1998. ‘The Idea of Indigenous People’, Current Anthropology, Vol. 39, No. 2. April, pp. 187–191.
5.
BlackburnStuart.2007. ‘Oral Histories and Culture Areas: From Northeast India to Southwest China’, South Asia, Journal of South Asian Studies, Vol. XXX, no. 3, December.
6.
BrownR. (first published 1874) 1975. Statistical Account of Manipur, Delhi: Sanskaran Prakashak.
7.
BurmanB. K. Roy2002. ‘Challenges and Responses in Tribal India', In RaoM. S. A (ed.), Social Movements in India, Studies in Peasant, Backward Classes, Sectarian Tribal and Women's Movements, Delhi: Manohar.
8.
BurmanB.K. Roy, 2002: ‘Challenges and Responses in Tribal India’, In RaoM.S.A. (ed.), Social Movements in India, Studies in Peasant, Backward Classes, Sectarian, Tribal and Women's Movements, Delhi: Manohar.
9.
CalhounCraig (edt). 1998. Social Theory and the Politics of Identity, Blackwell Publishing.
10.
ChaubeS. K.1999. Hill Politics in Northeast India, Delhi: Orient Longman.
11.
ColebrookClaire.2005. Philosophy and Post-Structuralist Theory: From Kant to Deleuze, Edinburgh University Press.
12.
DasRajat Kanti.1976. ‘Trends of Change among the Tribes of Manipur’, Regional Integration, Vol. IV, No. 7.
13.
DasRajat Kanti.1985. The Manipur Tribal Scene: Studies in Society and Change, Delhi: Inter-India Publication.
14.
DasRajat Kanti.1990. ‘Emergence of Ethnic Process in Manipur: A Reappraisal', In PakemB. (ed.), Nationalism, Ethnicity and Cultural Identity in North-East India, Delhi: Omsons Publications.
15.
EatonRichard M.1997. ‘Comparative History as World History: Religious Conversion in Modern India’, Journal of World History, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 243–71.
16.
Von Furer-HaimendorfChristoph1994. Tribes of India, The Struggle for Survival, Delhi: Oxford University Press.
17.
GardnerPeter M.2003. ‘Bicultural Oscillation as a Long-term Adaptation to Cultural Frontiers, Cases and Questions', In RaoAparna and MichaelJ. Casimir (ed.): Nomadism in South Asia, Delhi: Oxford University Press, pp. 125–147.
18.
HodsonT. C. (first published 1911) 1996. The Naga Tribes of Manipur, Delhi: Low Price Publication.
19.
LehmanF. K.1963. The Structure of Chin Society: A Tribal People of Burma Adapted to a Non-western Civilization, Urbana: The University of Illinois Press.
20.
NabakumarW.2005. ‘Communalism and Ethnic Divide, An Anathema to Secular Society’, Paper presented in the National Seminar on ‘Indigenous Tribal Religions of the Northeast', Sponsored by the Centre for the Studies in Civilization. New Delhi, held on 21–23 March, Imphal, Manipur.
RosaldoRenato.1993. Culture & Truth: The Remaking of Social Analysis, (London: Routledge.
23.
SardarShajahan.1987. A Monograph on the Anal Tribe of Manipur, Govt. of Manipur: Directorate for Development of Tribal & Backwards Classes.
24.
ScottJames C.2010. The Art of Not Being Governed; An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia, New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan.
25.
SharmaG. Amarjit.2007. Cultural Representation and Politics of Community: Rethinking Identity Formation in the North East Region of India, Ph. D. thesis submitted to Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi.
26.
SinghAheibam Koireng.2008. Ethnicity and Inter-Community Conflicts: A Case of Kuki-Naga in Manipuri, Delhi: Akansha Publishing House.
27.
SinghSenjam Mangi1996. A study of some selected socio-political problems in Manipur (1947–80), Ph. D Thesis submitted to the Department of political science, Manipur University.
28.
ThomasC. J. & SrikanthH.. 2006. ‘Challenges and Predicaments of Naga Nationalism’, Eastern Quarterly, Vol. 3, Issue IV, January-March.
