Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

At the end of World War II, numerous initiatives for international scientific cooperation were undertaken by the UN: the creation of a science division in UNESCO, projects of international laboratories, support to scientific unions and creation of scientific cooper ation field offices in Southern countries. The development of international science and the contribution of scientific cooperation in maintaining peace were seen as one and only goal. Committed scientists such as Henri Laugier in the UN and Joseph Needham in the UNESCO tried to give life to ideas developed by the 'science and society' move ments in the 1930s and 1940s through a new form ofscientific cooperation. The develop ment of international science, before anything else, was to meet social needs: health, food, standards of living and education. But in the beginning of the 1950s the Cold War reduced the international support given to these projects considerably. This paper analyses the goals coherence of the goals pursued by these international bodies. It focuses on the specific perspectives defended by Paulo Carneiro, as a scientist and as a representative of the Brazilian government in the UNESCO, mainly through his project of the International Institute of the Hylean Amazon.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Boletim do IBECC (1947), no. 1, Biblioteca do IBECC, Palacio Itamaraty, Rio de Janiero.

— 1948), no. 2. Biblioteca do IBECC , Palacio Itamaraty, Rio de Janiero .

Carneiro, Paulo Eastevão de Berredo (1951), O Instituto Internacional da Hileia Amazonica. Razoes e Objetivos da Sua Criaçao. Rio de Janiero: Ministerio das Relaçoes Exteriores .

— (1970), Vers un Nouvel Humanisme. Paris: Seghers.

Domingues, Heloisa M. Bertol (2001), 'La Cooperacion Cientifica Internacional: La UNESCO en Brasil a Fines de Los Años Cuarenta', in Anais do Seminario Taller Partenariado Cientifico Norte Sur y Sur-Sur. Colombia : Cartagena.

Domingues, Heloisa M. Bertol and Patrick Petitjean (2001). 'A Unesco O Instituto International da Hileia Amazonica e a antropologia no final dos anos 40', in Priscilla Falhauber and Peter Mann de Toledo, eds, Cohecimento e Fronteira: Historia da Ciencia na Amazonia. Belem: Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi.

Gowing, Margaret (1974), Independence and Detterence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945-52. London: Macmillan.

Journal do Comercio (1947), 30 July.

Kuznick, Peter J. (1987), Beyond the Laboratory: Scientists as Political Activists in the 1930s America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

10.

MacGucken, William ( 1984), Scientists, Society and State: The Social Relations of Science Movement in Great Britain, 1931-1947. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

11.

MacLeod, Roy and Peter Collins, eds (1981), The Parliament of Science . Northwood: Science Reviews .

12.

Needham, Joseph ( 1949), Science and International Relations . Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications .

13.

Petitjean, Patrick and Helosa M. Bertol Domingues (2000), 'A Redescoberta da Amazonia num Projeto da Unesco' , Estudos Historicos, 14 (2), pp. 265-92.

14.

Petitjean, Patrick (1999), 'Needham, Anglo-French Civilities and Ecumenical Science', in S. Irfan Habib and Dhruv Raina, eds, Situating the History of Science: Dialogues with Joseph Needham. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

15.

Petitjean, Patrick (2001), 'Miguel, Paul, Henri et Les Autres', in Antonio Augusto Passos Videira and Silvio R.A. Salinas, eds, A Cultura da Fisica: Contribuçoes em Homenagem a Amelia Imperio Hamburger . Sao Paulo: Editora Needham.

16.

Rist, Gilbert (1996), Le Developpement: Histoire d'une Croyance Occidentale . Paris: Presses des Sciences Po.

17.

Schroeder-Gudehus, Brigitte ( 1978), Les Scientifiques et la Paix. Montreal: Presses Universitaires de Montreal .

18.

Torres Bodet, Jaime (1981), Memorias (vol. 2). Mexico City: Editorial Porrua.

19.

Unesco (1946), 'Tasks and Functions of the Science Division'. UNESCO/Prep. Com/ Nat. Sci. Com./12 July 1946, UNESCO Archives, Paris.

20.

— (1947), UNESCO/Prog/1/1947 (rev.), 3 May 1947, Part 1, UNESCO archives, Paris.

21.

— (1948), 'Latin American Conference for the Development and the Organization of Science (LACDOS), Montevideo'. Proceedings of the first session, UNESCO/ DEO/CO 21, 6/9/1948, UNESCO Archives, Paris.

22.

Weart, Spencer R. (1980), La Grande Aventure des Savants Atomistes Français. Les Savants au Pouvoir. Paris: Fayard.

International Science,Brazil and Diplomacy in UNESCO (1946-50)

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References