The Cause of Death of the Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimisces (969–976). Poisoning or Typhoid Fever?

Lascaratos J. Diseases of the Byzantine Emperors. Athens: J and J Hellas, 1995: 3.

Ostrogorsky G. History of the Byzantine State. London: Blackwell, 1989: 293–8.

Hase CB , ed. Leonis Diaconi Historia. In: Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (henceforth CSHB). Bonn: I Weber, 1828: 176–8.

Thurn I , ed. Ioannis Scylitzae Synopsis Historiarum. In: Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae. Berlin: Gruyter, 1973: 312.

Bekker I , ed. Georgii Cedreni Historiarum Compendium. In: CSHB. Bonn: I Weber, 1839: vol. II, pp. 414–15.

Bekker I , ed. Michaelis Glycae Annalium. In: CSHB. Bonn: I Weber, 1836: p. 575.

Büttner-Wobst Th , ed. Ioannis Zonarae Epitomae Historiarum. In: CSHB. Bonn: I Weber, 1897: vol. in, p. 537.

Bekker I , ed. Ioelis Chronographia Compendiaria. In: CSHB. Bonn: I Weber, 1837: p. 59.

Budge EA Wallis , ed. The Chronography of Gregory Abû' I Faraj, the Son of Aaron, the Hebrew Physician Commonly Known as Bar Hebraeus. London: Oxford University Press, 1932: vol. I, p. 175.

Schlumberger G . L'Epopée byzantine a la fin du dixiéme siécle. Jean Tzimiscés. Paris: E de Boccard, 1925: 270–80.

Amantos K . History of the Byzantine State (2nd edn). Athens: Society of Editions Teaching Books, 1977: vol. II, pp. 142–3.

Christophilopoulou A . Byzantine History. Athens: Society of Editions Teaching Books, 1988: vol. II, part 2, pp. 142–3.

Browning R. The Byzantine Empire. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1980: 90.

Nicol D. A Biographical Dictionary of the Byzantine Empire. London: Seaby, 1991: 54.

Jenkins R. Byzantium. The Imperial Centuries ad 610–1071. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987: 299.

Guilland R. La destinée des empereurs de Byzance. Annuaire de l'Association d'Ètudes Byzantines 1954; 24: 60–1.

Karayiannopoulos J . History of the Byzantine State. Salonica: Vanias, 1987: vol. II, p. 429.

Kazhdan A, Cutler A. John I Tzimisces. In: Kazhdan A , ed. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991: vol. II, p. 1045.

Cooper MR Johnson AW. Poisonous Plants in Britain and Their Effects on Animals and Man. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1984: 198–9.

Lascaratos J. Kylikes' Tranquillators of Life. A Historical and Medical Approach to Poisoning in the Byzantine Period. Athens: J and J Hellas, 1994: 20–57.

Blyth A. Poisons. Their Effects and Detection. New York: W Wood, 1885: vol. I, pp. 315–33.

Aphentoules T. Pharmacology (3rd edn). Athens: Paligenesia, 1891: vol. II, pp. 412–24.

Frohne D, Pfänder HJ. A Colour Atlas of Poisonous Plants. London: Wolfe, 1984: 178–80.

Klaassen C Amdur M Doull J , eds. Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons (3rd edn). New York: Macmillan, 1986: 762–3.

Hunger H. Byzantine Literary. Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank, 1992: vol. II, pp. 180–7.

Mering von J . Manual of Internal Pathology (14th edn). Athens: Dimirrakos, 1924: vol. I, pp. 48–9, 166–9.

Keusch GT. Salmonellosis. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (12th edn). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991: vol. I, pp. 609–10.

Butler T. Typhoid fever. In: Cecil Textbook of Medicine (19th edn). Philadelphia: Saunders, 1992: vol. II, pp. 1690–1.