Alexander Porfir'Yevich Borodin (1833–1887): Composer,Chemist,Physician and Social Reformer

Sunderman FW . Alexander Porfirivich Borodin: physician, chemist and composer. Ann Med Hist 1938; 10: 445–53.

Abraham GEH Lloyd-Jones D . Alexander Porfir'yevich Borodin. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. London: Macmillan, 1980: vol. 3, 54–62.

Abraham GEH . Alexander Porfirevich Borodin. Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th edn. London: Macmillan, 1975: vol. l, 819–24.

Abraham GEH . Borodin: The Composer and his Music. London: William Reeves, 1927: 9–10.

Abraham GEH Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 2).

Sarton G . Borodin (1833–87). Osiris 1939;7: 224–60.

Sunderman FW (op. cit. ref 1):447.

Abraham GEH Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 2).

Borodin AI Butlerov AM . Tribute to N.N. Zinin. J Russ Phys Chem Soc. 1880; 12: 215–52.

Sunderman FW (op. cit. ref l):445–7.

Farber E , ed. Great Chemists. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1961: 689.

Abraham GEH Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 2).

Lloyd-Jones D . Borodin in Heidelberg. Musical Quarterly 1960; 46: 500–8.

Poggendorff JC . Biographisch-literarisches Handwörterbuch zur Geschichte der exacten Naturwiddenschaften, vol. III. Leipzig: Barth, 1898: 164.

Leicester HM . ‘Dimitril Ivanovich Mendeleev’, in Farber E (op. cit. ref ll):717–32.

Sunderman FW (op.cit. ref 1):447.

This letter was published in the St Petersburg Gazette No. 280, 1860.

Menshutkin BM . Chemistry and the Way of its Development (translator Leicester HM ). Moscow and Leningrad: Academic Science Press, 1973: 192.

de Milt C . The congress at Karlsruhe. J Chem Education 1951; 28: 421–5.

Borodine A . Ueber Bromvaleriansäure und Brombuttersäure. Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie (Leipzig) 1861; 119: 121–3.

Borodin A . Ueber einige Derivate des Benzidine. Zeitschrift fúr Chemie (Göttingen) 1860; iii: 641–3.

The first English edition in London in 1891 was a translation of the fifth Russian edition.

Dianin AP . Biographical sketch and reminiscences, including a complete list of Borodin's scientific publications. Zhurnal Russkova Fiziko-khimicheskovo Obshchestva 1888; 20: 1.

Dianin SA . A.P. Borodin: biography, Materials and Documents, 2nd edn. Moscow, 1960. English translation, abridged, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963. (It omits the materials and documents, but includes a survey of the music.).

Stasov W . A.P. Borodin: His Life, Correspondence and Articles on Music 1834–87. St Petersburg, 1889.

Habets A . Borodin and Liszt: I. Life and Works of a Russian Composer; II. Liszt, As Sketched in the Letters of Borodin (translator Newmarch R ). London: Digby Long and Co, 1895.

Dianin SA . Borodin's Letters, 4 vols. Moscow and Leningrad, 1928–50.

Seaman G . Borodin's letters. Musical Quarterly 1984; 70: 476–98.

Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 13):502.

Sunderman FW (op. cit. ref 1):448.

Abraham DEH Lloyd-Jones D (op.cit. ref 2):55.

Rimsky-Korsakov NA . My Musical Life (translator Joffe JA ). New York: A Knopf, 1923.

Sunderman FW (op. cit. ref l):449–50.

Seaman G (op. cit. ref 28):482.

Habets A (op. cit. ref 26):15–17.

German FH . Alexander Borodin: chemist and musician. J Chem Education 1931; 8: 1762–80, 1767.

Seaman G (op. rit. ref 28):490.

Partington JR . A History of Chemistry, vol. 4. London: Macmillan, 1964: 766.

Borodine A . Zur Geschichte der Fluorverbindungen und úber das Fluorbenzoyl. Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie (Leipzig) 1863: 126: 58–62.

Borodin A . Ueber die einwirkung von Brom auf Buttersäures und Valeriansäures Silber. Zeitschrift fúr Chemie (Göttingen) 1869; 12: 342.

Sarton G (op. cit. ref 6):233.

Getman FH (op. cit. ref 36):1770.

Ibid: 1770.

Ibid: 1779.

Dianin AP (op. cit. ref 23).

Poggendorff JC (op. cit. ref 14):vol.iii, 164;vol.iv, 160.

Getman FH (op. cit. ref 42): 1778–9.

Farber E (op. cit. ref ll):1313–24.

Sarton G (op. cit. ref 6):237.

Gal H , ed. The Musician's World: Letters of the Great Composers. London: Thames and Hudson, 1978: 360–1.

Abraham GEH (op. cit. ref 2).

Calvocoressi MD Abraham GEH . Masters of Russian Music. London: Duckworth, 1936.

Abraham GEH . Arab melodies in Rimsky-Korsakov and Borodin. Music and Letters 1975; 56: 313–18.

Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 2):13.

Lloyd-Jones D . Borodin on Liszt. Music and Letters 1961; 42: 117–26.

Lloyd-Jones D . Gerald Emest Heal Abraham. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. London: Macmillan, 1980: vol.1, 21–2.

Garden E . The influence of Balakirev on Tchaikovsky. Proceedings of the Royal Musical Association 1981; 107: 86–100.

Protopopov V , ed. A.P. Borodin: Muzykal' nokriticheskie Stat'i. Moscow and Leningrad, 1951: 17–62.

Gal H (op. cit. ref 50):359.

Habets A (op. cit. ref 26).

Lloyd-Jones D (op. cit. ref 55).

Sarton G (op. cit. ref 6):252–7.

O'Neill D . Aber Sonntag ist immer ein Feiertag: Alexander Borodin, MD, 1833–1887. J R Soc Med. 1988; 81: 591–3.

Obituary: Professor Borodin. Lancet. 1887; i: 601.

Sunderman FW (op. cit. ref 1):452.