BowmanW.On the structure and use of Malpighian bodies of the kidneys, with observations on the circulation through that gland. Philos Trans1842; 132: 58–61, 73, 75
2.
BowmanW.On the minute structure and functions of voluntary muscle. Philos Trans1840; 130: 457–501
3.
FosterM.Lectures on the History of Physiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1901: 159–60, 202, 224–5
4.
LudwigK.Beitrage zur lehre vom Mechanismus der Hamsecretion. Marburg: N G Elmbert, 1843
5.
SenatorH.A Contribution to the Theory of the Secretion of Urine. Selected Monographs. London: New Sydenham Society, 1884, 127–41, and Cambridge: Cambridge Biological Series, 1901
6.
RothschuhKE. History of Physiology. Huntington: Robert E Krieger, 1973: 204–80
7.
GarrisonFH. History of Medicine (3rd edn). Philadelphia: W B Saunders, 1921: 553–6, 596
8.
LudwigK.Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen. Heidelberg: Wintersche Verlag Shandlung, 1852
9.
IsaacsCE. Researches into the structure and physiology of the kidney. Trans NY Acad Med.1857; 1: 377–435
10.
RothschuhKE (op. cit. ref. 6):124–79
11.
HeidenhainR.Mikroskopische Beitrage zur Anatomie und Physiologie der Nieren. Arch Mikr Anat1874; 10: 1–10
12.
HeidenhainR.Physiologie der Absonderungsvorgange. In: HermannI, Ed. Handbuch der Physiologie. Leipzig, 1883: vol 5, pp. 1–420
13.
FranklinKJ. A Short History of Physiology. London: Staples Press, 1949: 123–4
14.
CushnyAR. The Secretion of Urine. London: Longman, Green and Co., 1917
15.
ChasisHGoldringW.Homer William Smith. New York: New York University Press, 1965: 3–21, 47–5, 59–60
16.
BordleyJMcGeheeHA. Two Centuries of American Medicine. Philadelphia: W B Saunders, 1976: 262–4
17.
WearnJTRichardsAN. Observations and composition of glomerular urine, with particular reference to the problem of reabsorption in the renal tubules. Am J Physiol1924; 71: 209–27
18.
WalkerAMBottPAOliverJMcDowellM.Collection and analysis of fluid from single nephrons of mammalian kidney. Am J Physiol1941; 135: 580–4
19.
MollerEMcIntoshJFvan SlykeDD. Studies of urea excretion. Relationship between urine volume and the rate of urea excretion by normal adults. J Clin Invest1928–9; 6: 427–504
20.
BradleySE. Clearance concepts in renal physiology. In: GottschalkCWBerlinerRWGeibischGH, Eds. Renal Physiology, People and Ideas. Bethesda: American Physiological Society, 1981
21.
RehbergPS. Studies on kidney function I. The role of filtration and reabsorption in human society. Biochem J1926; 20: 447–60
22.
SmithHW. The Physiology of the Kidney. New York: Oxford University Press, 1937
23.
SmithHWClarkeRW. The excretion of inulin and creatinine by the anthropoid apes and other infrahuman primates. Am J Physiol1938; 22: 132–8
24.
MarshallEKVickersJL. The mechanism of the elimination of phenolsulphonphthalein by the kidney: a proof of secretion by the convoluted tubules. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp1923; 34: 1
25.
MarshallEKCraneM.The secretory function of the renal tubules. Am J Physiol1924; 70: 465–9
26.
MarshallEKGraffinAL. The structures and function of the kidney of the Lophius piscatorius. Bull Johns Hosp1928; 43: 205–10
27.
ElsomKABottPAShielsEH. On the excretion of skiodan, diodrast and hippuran by the dog. Am J Physiol1936; 115: 548–55
28.
KuhnWRyffelK.Herstellung konzentriertr losungen aus vedunnten durch blosse membranwirkung. Ein modellvesuch zur funktion der niere. Z Physiol Chem1942; 276: 145–78
29.
WirzHHargitayBKuhnW.Lokalisation des Konzentrierungsprozesses in der Niere durch direkte Kryoskopie. Helv Physiol Pharmacol Acta1951; 9: 196–207
30.
FischerI.Biographisches Lexicon. Munich: Urban and Schwarzenberg, 1962