Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

This paper shows the efficiency of a renewable wood resin as a binder for wood fibres in the manufacture of environmentally friendly fibreboard composites. The wood resin was nevertheless partially replaced by urea formaldehyde (UF) resin to make fibreboards more economical and performance-driven. The results demonstrate that nearly all the mechanical properties of the fibreboards were above the minimum requirements specified in the ANSI-AHA standard.

The mechanical properties of wood resin bonded fibreboard were inferior to those of the UF resin bonded equivalents. The horizontal density profiles of the composites revealed that the wood resin distribution in the wood fibres could be optimised in presence of liquid UF resin. Wood resin bonded fibreboard showed a lower rate of formaldehyde emission than UF resin bonded fibreboard. The curing conditions were also optimised to achieve improved mechanical performance and dimensional stability for the composite fibreboards.

References

Jayne

B.A.

Mechanical properties of wood fibres, TAPPI, 42 (6), 1959, 461–467.

Tewary

V.K.

Mechanics of fibre composites, Halsted Press, New York, 1-20, 1978.

Sain

M.M.

, Balatinecz

and Law

J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 77, 2000, 260–268.

Sain

M.M.

, Imbert

and Kokta

B.V.

Die Angrew. Macromol. Chemie. 210 (3586), 1993, 33–46.

Sain

M.M.

and Kokta

B.V.

J. Adhesion Sci. Technol., 7 (1), 1993, 49–61.

Song

X.M.

and Hwang

J.-Y.

Forest Prod. J., 51(5), 2001, 45–51.

Yang

H.-S.

, Kim

D.-J.

and Kim

H.-J.

Biores. Technol., 86, 2003, 117–121.

International Agency for Research on Cancer: Overall valuations of carcinogenity: an updating of IARC monographs. Volumes 1 – 42 (1987). In: IARC monographs of the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, Suppl. 7. IARC, Lyon, France.

Hoilifinger

M.S.

, Conner

A.H.

, Lorenz

L.F.

and Hill

C.G.

J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 49, 1993, 337–344.

10.

Roffael

, Dix

and Okum

Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff., 58, 2000, 301–305.

11.

Lin

, Yoshika

, Yao

and Shiraishi

J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 55, 1995, 1563–1571.

12.

Vazquez

, Antorrena

, Gonzalez

and Mayor

Biores. Technol., 51,1995, 187–192.

13.

NIOSH, 1994, Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM): Fourth Edition., 8/15/94.

14.

Moss

P.A.

and Retulainen

In: Proc. of the Int'l. Paper Physics Conf. Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada, TAPPI: 97-102, 1995.

15.

Burrows

C.H.

Forest Prod. J., 11(1), 1961, 27–33.

16.

Hill

M.D.

and Wilson

J.B.

Forest Prod. J., 28 (11), 1978, 44–48.

17.

Lehmann

W.F.

Forest Prod. J., 15(4), 1965, 155–161.

18.

Butterfield

, Chapman

, Christie

and Dickson

Forest Prod. J., 42, 1992, 55–60.

19.

Donaldson

L.A.

and Lomax

T.D.

Wood Sci. Technol., 23, 1989, 371–380.

20.

AHA. 1995. Basic hardboard. ANSI/AHA A135.4 – 1995. Palatine, IL, USA, American Hardboard Association.

21.

Chen

and Wu

J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 1994, 437–443.

22.

Dinwoodie

J.M.

J. Wood Sci Technol., 8, 1979, 59–68.

23.

Myers

G.E.

Forest Prod. J., 36(6), 1986, 41–51.

24.

Pizzi

Advanced wood adhesives technology, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1994.

25.

NIOSH, 1976, Method No. S327 Failure Report, NIOSH/OSHA Standards Completion Program Contact Report, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

26.

NIOSH, 1977, Manual of Analytical Methods, 2^nd ed., V. 1, P&CAM 125, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, (NIOSH) 77-157-A.

Composite from Wood Fibres Bonded with Renewable Wood Resin

Abstract

References