A novel superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite composite with water absorbency of about 1100 times its own weight (g H2O/g) was synthesized by graft copolymerizing acrylic acid onto ultrafine montmorillonite powder. The influence of the amount of crosslinker, montmorillonite and neutralization degree on the water absorbency of the composites is discussed in this paper.