Abstract
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1 Convention (IV) Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land , with its annexed regulations (`Hague Regulations'), of 18 October 1907.
2.
2 Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War , of 12 August 1949.
3.
3 The Sinai Peninsula returned to Egypt after the Peace Treaty of 1979.
4.
4 See above , note 1.
5.
5 See M. Shamgar, `The Observance of International Law in the Administered Territories', Israel Yearbook of Human Rights , vol. 1, (Tel Aviv, 1981), pp. 262-277. The author was Attorney General and later a Judge of the Supreme Court of Israel.
6.
6 See in particular A. Roberts, `Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories 1967-1988', in E. Playfair, ed., International Law and the Administration of Occupied Territories , (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992), pp. 25-85.
7.
7 4th Geneva Convention , Articles 27-34 and 47-78.
8.
8 See the various ICRC Annual Reports . The most recent statement is to be found in the Annual Report for 1993, p. 206.
9.
9 In particular 4th Geneva Convention , Articles 10 and 143.
10.
10 Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization: Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements , Washington, 13 September 1993, in 32 I.L.M. (1993), pp. 1525-1544.
11.
11 Israel-Palestine Liberation Organization: Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area , Cairo, 4 May 1994, text reprinted in Security Dialogue , vol. 25, September 1994, pp. 359-364 (Cairo Agreement ).
12.
12 Cairo Agreement , Article III, para. 1.
13.
13 Cairo Agreement , Article II, para. 3, and Article V, para. 1(a), and its Annex I: Protocol Concerning Withdrawal of Israeli Military Forces and Security Arrangements , Article IV.
14.
14 Annex 1 , Article IV, para. 4.
15.
15 Annex I , Article IV, para. 6, and Article VII.
16.
16 Cairo Agreement , Article II, para. 5, and Annex I, Article IV, paras 7 and 8, and Article V, para. 1.
17.
17 Cairo Agreement , Article V, paras 1 (b) and 3 (a).
18.
18 Cairo Agreement , Article VIII.
19.
19 Cairo Agreement , Article V, paras. 1 (b) and 3 (a).
20.
20 Cairo Agreement , Article VII.
21.
21 Cairo Agreement , Article VII.
22.
22 Cairo Agreement , Article V, para. 3 (b).
23.
23 See above, note 1.
24.
24 According to the Cairo Agreement , Article VIII, para. 1, the Israeli forces have broad powers regarding the security of Israelis and `settlements' in the Areas.
25.
25 For example to protect `settlers'; see above, notes 19 and 21.
26.
26 See 4th Geneva Convention , Article 6, para. 3, according to which the occupying power remains bound by the international law on belligerent occupation `for the duration of the occupation, to the extent that such Power exercises the functions of government in such territory...'
27.
27 See ICRC Annual Report 1967 , pp. 5-13.
28.
28 See the statement of ICRC policy in: `Action by the International Committee of the Red Cross in the Event of Breaches of International Humanitarian Law', International Review of the Red Cross , vol. 21, 1981, pp. 76-83.
29.
29 See Cairo Agreement , Article V, para. 1 (b) and Article VI, para. 2 (a), according to which the Palestinian Authority has no powers in the sphere of foreign relations.
30.
30 At the beginning of August 1994, ICRC delegates made their first visit to Gaza Prison.
31.
31 Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (1986), Article 5, paras. 2 (d) and 3.
32.
32 Statutes (note 31), Article 4, concerning the conditions for recognition of National Societies, in particular its para. 1.