Halting the Momentum of Nuclear Armaments Challenge and Response

Comprehensive Study on Nuclear Weapons, Report of the U.S. Secretary-General, Doc. A/35/392, New York: United Nations, 1981, para 144.

Ibid., para 9.

Cf. Desmond Ball. 'Can Nuclear War Be Controlled?', Adelphi Papers, No. 169, Autumn 1981.

Cf. 'The False Nuclear Alarms', The New York Times (editorial), July 1, 1980, and

'Accidents of Nuclear Weapons Systems' World Armaments and Disarmament. SIPRI Yearbook 1977, Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1977, pp. 52-84.

See also President Carter's farewell address ('The risk of nuclear conflagration has not lessened ... it may only be a matter of time before madness, desperation, greed and miscalculation let loose the terrible force'), US News & World Report, January 26, 1981.

Cf. Inga Thorsson , 'Disarmament Negotiations in Deep Crisis' , Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1982, p. 77.

See Marek Thee , 'Militarization in the United States and the Soviet Union. The Rising Trend' , in R. Johansen and Y. Skamote (eds.): Militarization and Society, Paris: UNESCO, forthcoming.

Cf. McNamara's account of the U.S. overreaction to the Soviet threat in the 1960s, in his talk with Robert Sheer, The Guardian Weekly, Vol. 127, No. 7, August 15, 1982.

Comprehensive Study on Nuclear Weapons, op.cit., para 519.

Cf. table of correspondence and interaction between nuclear weapon modernization and the evolution of the nuclear deterrence doctrine/ strategy, in Marek Thee: 'Militarization in the United States and the Soviet Union', op.cit.

Dwight D. Eisenhower , Waging Peace 1956-1961, Garden City, N.Y. : Doubleday & Co., 1965, p. 616.

Cf. Solly Zuckermann , Nuclear Illusion and Reality (chapter 'The Advice of Scientists'), London: Collins , 1982.

Cf. Peter Wallensteen (ed.): 'Problems of the Nuclear Weapons Freeze', Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1982.

Cf. P. Terence Hopmann , 'The "No first Use" Proposal and Arms Control Initiatives in Europe', Bulletin of Peace Proposals , Vol. 13, No. 3, 1982.

Cf. Seymour Melman, 'Will the First Step Be the Last?', Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1982.

Cf. Charles E. Osgood , 'Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction', in Marek Thee (ed.), Armaments. Arms Control and Disarmament. A UNESCO Reader in Disarmament Education , Paris: UNESCO, 1981, pp. 283-289.

Cf. Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Report of the U.N. Secretary-General, Doc. CD/86, New York: United Nations , 1981, para 154.

Cf. Miroslav Nincic , 'Flight Test Limitations and Strategic Arms Control', Bulletin of Peace Proposals , Vol. 13, No. 3, 1982.

Cf. Mark Niedergang , Verification of a Nuclear Weapon Freeze' , Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1982.

Theo F. Lentz , Towards a Science of Peace, New York: Bookman Association Inc., 1955, p. 190.