Starting from a set of examples of borrowings from French in George Eliot’s Daniel Deronda, I explore the various ways in which the characters’ and narrator’s use of mixed English–French utterances generates inferences which make the transcending of their mono-cultural self possible. I go on to argue that in Jumeau’s recent French translation of the novel, the reader is not given access to those inferences, resulting in the erasing of an Anglo-European, cosmopolitan identity.
ArduiniSNergaardS (2011) Translation: A new paradigm. Translation: A Transdisciplinary Journal1(1): 8–17.
2.
BakhtinM (1981) The Dialogic Imagination. Austin and London: University of Texas Press.
3.
BakhtinM (1984) Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. EmersonC (ed. and trans.). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
4.
BermanA (1984) L’épreuve de l’étranger. Paris: Gallimard.
5.
BhabhaH (2011) Hybridity. Translation: A Transdisciplinary Journal1(1): 20–21.
6.
CouchPJ (1967) George Eliot in France; A French Appraisal of George Eliot’s Writings, 1858–1960. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
7.
DucrotO (1984) Le dire et le dit. Paris: Editions de Minuit.
8.
EliotG (2000) Daniel Deronda. London: Everyman Classics.
9.
GentzlerE (2008) Translation and Identity in the Americas: New Directions in Translation Theory. London: Routledge.
10.
HermansT (2014) Positioning translators: Voices, views and values in translation. Language and Literature23(3): 285–301.
11.
JullienF (2001) Du temps. Paris: Grasset et Fasquelle.
12.
JumeauA (2010) Daniel Deronda. Volumes 1,2. Paris: Gallimard.
13.
MooreAW (1986) How significant is the use/mention distinction?Analysis46(4): 173–179.
14.
MuyskenP (2000) Bilingual Speech: A Typology of Code-mixing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
15.
RamptonB (1998) Language crossing and the definition of reality. In: AuerP (ed.) Code-Switching in Conversation: Language, Interaction, and Identity. London: Routledge, pp.290–317.
16.
ReyA (2006) Dictionnaire historique de la langue française. Paris: Le Robert.
17.
RicoeurP (2004) Sur la traduction. Paris: Bayard.
18.
RignallJ (1997) George Eliot and Europe. Aldershot: Scholar Press.
19.
SeeberH (1997) Cultural synthesis in George Eliot’s Middlemarch. In: RignallJ (ed.) George Eliot and Europe. Aldershot: Scholar Press, pp.17–32.
