Applied-linguistic comments on metaphor identification

Boers, F. (2000) ‘Metaphoric Awareness and Vocabulary Retention’, Applied Linguistics 21: 553-571.

Braddick, O. (1986) ‘Inside the Working of the Brain’, review of C.W. Coen (ed.) Functions of the Brain, Nature 320 (20): 223.

Brooke-Rose, C. (1958) A Grammar of Metaphor. London: Secker and Warburg.

Cameron, L. (in press) Metaphor in Educational Discourse. London: Continuum.

Cameron, L. and Low, G.D. (eds) (1999) ‘Metaphor, State of the Art Survey’, Language Teaching 32: 77-96.

Crisp, P. (2002) ‘Metaphorical Propositions: A Rationale’, Language and Literature 11(1): 7-16.

Crisp, P. , Heywood, J. and Steen, G. (2002) ‘Metaphor Identification and Analysis, Classification and Quantification’, Language and Literature 11(1): 55-69.

Goatly, A. (1997) The Language of Metaphors. London: Routledge.

Heywood, J. , Semino, E. and Short, M. (2002) ‘Linguistic Metaphor Identification in Two Extracts from Novels’, Language and Literature 11(1): 35-54.

Hopper, P. (1997) ‘Discourse and the Category “Verb” in English’, Language and Communication 17 (2): 96-99.

Hunston, S. and Francis, G. (1998) ‘Verbs Observed: A Corpus-Driven Pedagogic Grammar’, Applied Linguistics 19(1): 45-72.

Lerman, C.L.L. (1984) ‘The Functions of Metaphor in Discourse: Masking Metaphor in the Nixon Conversations’, in D.L.F. Nilsen (ed.), Metaphors Be With You: Humour and Metaphor(Proceedings of the 1983 Whim Conference), pp. 139-141. English Dept., Arizona State University. (Expanded manuscript available from author.)

Low, G.D. (1997) Celebrations and SQUID Sandwiches: Figurative Language and the Manipulation of Academic Writing, Project report, University of York, EFL Unit.

Low, G.D. (1999a) ‘“This Paper Thinks … ”. Investigating the Metaphor an Essay is a Person’, in L. Cameron and G.D. Low (eds) Researching and Applying Metaphor, pp. 221-248. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Low, G.D. (1999b) ‘Teaching Learners to Use Metaphor’, in L. Kasanga (ed.), Language(s) and the New Democracy: Participation, Rights and Responsibilities, pp. 39-63. Pietersburg, South Africa: UNIN Printing Press.

Moon, R. (1998) Fixed Expressions and Idioms in English: A Corpus-Based Approach. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Sayce, R.A. (1953) Style in French Prose. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Steen, G. (1999) ‘From Linguistic to Conceptual Metaphor in Five Steps’, in R. Gibbs Jr and G. Steen (eds) Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics, pp. 57-77. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Steen, G. (2002) ‘Towards a Procedure for Metaphor Identification’, Language and Literature 11(1): 17-33.

Todd, Z. and Clarke, D.D. (1999) ‘When Is a Dead Rainbow Not Like a Dead Rainbow? A Context-Sensitive Method for Investigating Differences Between Metaphor and Simile’, in L. Cameron and G.D. Low (eds) Researching and Applying Metaphor, pp. 249-268. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wray, A. (1999) ‘Formulaic Language in Learners and Native Speakers, State of the Art Survey’, Language Teaching 32(4): 213-223.