SLE and osteoporosis: dependence and/or independence on glucocorticoids

Abstract

Keywords

SLE osteoporosis corticosteroids bone densitometry

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Mills JA Systemic lupus erythematosus. New Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1871-1879.

Bresnihan B. Outcome and survival in systemic lupus erythematosus . Ann Rheum Dis 1989; 48: 443-445.

Halberg P. Survival and causes of death in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus . Clin Rheumatol 1991; 10: 367-368.

Dykman TR et al. Evaluation of factors associated with glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia in patients with rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 1985; 28: 361-368.

Dhillon VB et al. Assessment of the effect of oral corticosteroids on bone mineral density in systemic lupus erythematosus: a preliminary study with dual energy x ray absorptiometry. Ann Rheum Dis 1990; 49: 624-626.

Lahita RG et al. Abnormal oestrogen and androgen metabolism in the human with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Kidney Dis 1982; 2 (Suppl. 1): 206-211.

Kalla AA , van Wyk Kotze TJ , Meyers OL Metacarpal bone mass in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 1992; 11: 475-482.

Kalla AA , Fataar AA , Jessop SJ , Bewerunge L. Loss of trabecular bone mineral density in systemic lupus erythematosus . Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: 1726-1734.

Formiga F. et al. Loss of bone mineral density in premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54: 274-276.

10.

Sels F. et al. Bone density in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology in Europe 1995; 24 (Suppl. 3): 353.

11.

Houssiau FA et al. Severe trabecular and cortical bone loss in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): The respective roles of disease and corticosteroids. Rheumatology in Europe 1995 ; 24 (Suppl. 3): 11.

12.

Hørslev-Petersen K. et al. Influence of disease activity and drug treatment on bone mineral content (BMD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus . Rheumatology in Europe 1995; 24 (Suppl. 3): 11.

13.

Arden NK , Spector TD Viewpoint: Oestrogens, bones and systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 1993; 2: 381-382.

14.

Lahita RG Sex and age in systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Lahita RG (ed), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus . New York: John Wiley, 1987: 523-539.

15.

Dahlman TC Osteoporotic fractures and the recurrence of thromboemobolism during pregnancy and the puerperium in 184 women undergoing thromboprophylaxis with heparin . Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 168: 1265-1270.

16.

Resch H. et al. Decreased peripheral bone mineral content in patients under anticoagulant therapy with phenprocoumon. Eur Heart J 1991; 12: 439-441.

17.

Seitz M. , Hunstein W. Enhanced prostanoid release from monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and active systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 1985; 44: 438-445.

18.

Tanaka Y. et al. Spontaneous production of bone-resorbing lymphokines by B cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Immunol 1989; 9: 415-420.

19.

Sambrook PN , Jones G. Corticosteroid osteoprosis. Br J Rheum 1995; 34: 8-12.

20.

Dequeker J. , Westhovens R. Low dose corticosteroid associated osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis and its prophylaxis and treatment: bones of contention . J Rheumatol 1995; 22: 1013-1019.

21.

Blumsohn A. et al. The effect of calcium supplementation on the circadian rhythm of bone resorption. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 79: 730-735.

22.

Verstraeten A. , Dequeker J. Vertebral and peripheral bone mineral content and fracture evidence in postmenopausal patients with rheumatoid arthritis: effect of low dose corticosteroids. Ann Rheum Dis 1986; 45: 852-857.

23.

Sambrook PN et al. Prevention of corticosteroid osteoporosis: a comparison of calcium, calcitriol and calcitonin. New Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1747-1752.