With an increasing number of international journeys occurring daily, there is also an increase in the need for appropriate medical advice for patients who will undertake such travel. In this context, the lupus patient presents a great challenge to the rheumatologist. However, the demand for such information by patients is low, and it has proven difficult for the medical community to adequately provide it. In this article, we carried out a literature review of the medical recommendations made for the lupus patient in order to guide the rheumatologist through the topic of travel medicine.
HeywoodAWatkinsRIamsirithawornSNilvarangkulKMacIntyreC. A cross-sectional study of pre-travel health-seeking practices among travelers departing Sydney and Bangkok airports. BMC Public Health2012; 12: 1–9.
2.
ElliottJManziS. Cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol2009; 23: 481–494.
3.
BüllerHGreavesMKestevenP. WHO Research into Global Hazards of Travel Project: final report of phase I, 1st ed. Geneva: WHO Document Production Services, 2019.
4.
HosoiYGeroulakosGBelcaroGSuttonS. Characteristics of deep vein thrombosis associated with prolonged travel. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg2002; 24: 235–238.
5.
RosendaalF. Interventions to prevent venous thrombosis after air travel: are they necessary? No. J Thromb Haemost2006; 4: 2306–2307.
6.
GarciaDErkanD. Diagnosis and management of the antiphospholipid syndrome. N Engl J Med2018; 378: 2010–2021.
7.
CesaroneMBelcaroGNicolaidesA, et al.Venous thrombosis from air travel: the LONFLIT3 study—prevention with aspirin vs low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in high-risk subjects: a randomized trial. Angiology2002; 53: 1–6.
8.
BerteroM. Primary prevention in antiphospholipid antibody carriers. Lupus2012; 21: 751–754.
9.
GeertsWBergqvistDPineoG, et al.Prevention of venous thromboembolism. Chest2008; 133: 381S–453S.
BrenolCAzevedoVBonvehiP, et al.Vaccination recommendations for adults with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases in Latin America. J Clin Rheumatol2018; 24: 138–147.
14.
DaoKCushJJ. A vaccination primer for rheumatologists. Drug Safety Quarterly2012; 4: 1–2.
Van AssenSAgmon-LevinNElkayamO, et al.EULAR recommendations for vaccination in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis2010; 70: 414–422.
17.
RubinLGLevinMJLjungmanP, et al.Executive summary: 2013 IDSA clinical practice guideline for vaccination of the immunocompromised host. Clin Infect Dis2014; 58: 309–318.
18.
PasotoSGRibeiroACBonfaE. Update on infections and vaccinations in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol2014; 26: 528–537.
19.
BorbaEFSaadCGPasotoSG, et al.Influenza A/H1N1 vaccination of patients with SLE: can antimalarial drugs restore diminished response under immunosuppressive therapy?Rheumatology2012; 51: 1061–1069.
SilvaCAAikawaNEBonfaE. Vaccinations in juvenile chronic inflammatory diseases: an update. Nat Rev Rheumatol2013; 9: 532–543.
22.
KurumaKABorbaEFLopesMHde CarvalhoJFBonfáE. Safety and efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus2007; 16: 350–354.
23.
CamposLMSilvaCAAikawaNE, et al.High disease activity: an independent factor for reduced immunogenicity of the pandemic influenza A vaccine in patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res2013; 65: 1121–1127.
24.
IntongkamSSamakarnthaiPPakchotanonRNarongroeknawinPAssavatanabodeePChaiamnuayS. Efficacy and safety of hepatitis B vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and/or biologics therapy. J Clin Rheumatol. Epub ahead of print 27 July 2018. DOI: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000877.
25.
ZuckermanJVan DammePVan HerckK, et al.Vaccination options for last-minute travellers in need of travel-related prophylaxis against hepatitis A and B and typhoid fever: a practical guide. Travel Med Infect Dis2003; 1: 219–226.
26.
CrumpJMintzE. Global trends in typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Clin Infect Dis2010; 50: 241–246.
27.
JacksonBRIqbalSMahonB. Updated recommendations for the use of typhoid vaccine—advisory committee on immunization practices, United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2015; 64: 305–308.
28.
TopazNCaugantDTahaM, et al.Phylogenetic relationships and regional spread of meningococcal strains in the meningitis belt, 2011–2016. EBioMedicine2019; 41: 488–496.
29.
BarbosaCMTerreriMTRosárioPOde Moraes-PintoMISilvaCAHilárioMO. Immune response and tolerability of varicella vaccine in children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus previously exposed to varicella-zoster virus. Clin Exp Rheumatol2012; 30: 791–798.
30.
BaumrinEVan VoorheesAGargA, et al.A systematic review of herpes zoster incidence and consensus recommendations on vaccination in adult patients on systemic therapy for psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis: from the Medical Board of the National Psoriasis Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol2019; 81: 102–110.
31.
Meeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization, April 2013 – conclusions and recommendations. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2013; 88: 201–216.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC health information for international travel 2014: the yellow book, New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
34.
RosenJ. Travel medicine and the solid-organ transplant recipient. Infect Dis Clin North Am2013; 27: 429–457.
35.
GiddingsSStevensALeungD. Traveler’s diarrhea. Med Clin North Am2016; 100: 317–330.
36.
DuPontHEricssonCFarthingM, et al.Expert review of the evidence base for prevention of travelers’ diarrhea. J Travel Med2009; 16: 149–160.
37.
PatelRRLiangSYKoolwalPKulhmannFM. Travel advice for the immunocompromised traveler: prophylaxis, vaccination, and other preventive measures. Ther Clin Risk Manag2015; 11: 217–228.
38.
FreedmanDOChenLHKozarskyPE. Medical considerations before international travel. N Engl J Med2016; 375: 247–260.
39.
ShahNDuPontHRamseyD. Global etiology of travelers' diarrhea: systematic review from 1973 to the present. Am J Trop Med Hyg2009; 80: 609–614.
40.
SwaminathanATorresiJSchlagenhaufP, et al.A global study of pathogens and host risk factors associated with infectious gastrointestinal disease in returned international travellers. J Infect2009; 59: 19–27.
41.
ConnorBATravelers’ diarrhea. In: BrunetteGW (ed). CDC yellow book 2018: health information for international travel, New York: Oxford University Press, 2017, pp. 48–54.
42.
BijlMKallenbergC. Ultraviolet light and cutaneous lupus. Lupus2006; 15: 724–727.
43.
KuhnARulandVBonsmannG. Photosensitivity, phototesting, and photoprotection in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Lupus2010; 19: 1036–1046.
44.
InêsLSilvaCGalindoM, et al.Classification of systemic lupus erythematosus: systemic lupus international collaborating clinics versus American College of Rheumatology criteria. A comparative study of 2,055 patients from a real-life, international systemic lupus erythematosus cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)2015; 67: 1180–1185.
45.
BlakelyKDruckerARosenC. Drug-induced photosensitivity—an update: culprit drugs, prevention and management. Drug Saf2019; 42: 827–847.
RigelDRigelERigelA. Effects of altitude and latitude on ambient UVB radiation. J Am Acad Dermatol1999; 40: 114–116.
48.
EzzedineKGuinotCMaugerE, et al.Travellers to high UV-index countries: sun-exposure behaviour in 7822 French adults. Travel Med Infect Dis2007; 5: 176–182.
49.
GiesPDeventerEGreenACSinclairCTinkerR. Review of the Global Solar UV Index 2015 workshop report. Health Phys2018; 114: 84–90.
50.
BullerDBCokkinidesVHallHI, et al.Prevalence of sunburn, sun protection, and indoor tanning behaviors among Americans: Review from national surveys and case studies of 3 states. J Am Acad Dermatol2011; 65: S114–123.
51.
WrightMWWrightSTWagnerRF. Mechanisms of sunscreen failure. J Am Acad Dermatol2001; 44: 781–784.
52.
IlchyshynLHawkJMillardT. Photoprotection: does it work?Lupus2008; 17: 705–707.
53.
SchalkaSSteinerDRavelliFN. Brazilian consensus on photoprotection. An Bras Dermatol2014; 89: 1–74.