Longitudinal brainstem involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Jennekens FGI , Kater L. The central nervous system in systemic lupus erythematosus. Part 1. Clinical syndromes: a literature investigation. Rheumatology 2002; 41: 605-618.

Vaile JH , Davis P. Isolated unilateral vagus nerve palsy in systemic lupus erythematosus . J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 2287-2288.

Galindo M. , Pablos JL , Comez-Reino JJ Internuclear ophthalmoplegia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1998; 28: 179-186.

Kunavarapu C. , Kesavan RB , Pevil-Ulysee M. , Mohan SS Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as ‘‘one-and-a-half-syndrome’’ . J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 874-875.

Yu KH , Yang CH , Chu CC Swallowing disturbances due to isolated vagus nerve involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2007; 16: 746-749.

Mimenza-Alvarado AJ , Téllez-Zenteno JF , Cantú-Brito C. , García-Ramos G. Systemic lupus erythematosus with affection to brainstem: report of three cases. Rev Neurol 2002; 35: 128-131.

Kleinig TJ , Koszyca B. , Blumbergs PC , Thompson P. Fulminant leucocytoclastic brainstem vasculitis in a patient with otherwise indolent systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2009; 18: 486-490.

Smith RW , Ellison DW , Jenkins EA , Gallagher PJ , Cawley MI Cerebellum and brainstem vasculopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: Two clinico-pathological cases. Ann Rheum Dis 1994; 53: 327-330.

Deodhar AA , Hochenedel T. , Bennett RM Longitudinal involvement of the entire spinal cord and medulla oblongata in acute catastrophic onset transverse myelitis in SLE. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 446-449.

10.

Heinlein, AC , Gertner E. Marked inflammation in catastrophic longitudinal myelitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2007; 16: 823-826.

11.

Ellis SG , Verity MA Central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: a review of neuropathologic findings in 57 cases, 1955-1977. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1979; 8: 212-221.

12.

Rhiannon JJ Systemic lupus erythematosus involving the nervous system: presentation, pathogenesis, and management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2008; 34: 356-360.