This paper aims to establish a framework for digital information culture (DIC) within doctoral schools (DS). A scoping review was conducted using the CIMO search tool and thematic analysis. The review pinpointed three areas for diagnosing information culture in digital environments, along with three research perspectives: (1) Information Access, (2) Research Support, and (3) Community of Inquiry. The proficiency of PhD candidates within Doctoral Schools might hinge on a robust digital information culture, which could play a pivotal role in acculturation, and overall academic performance of early-career researchers.
AbdullahAAsarAK (2021) Assuring academic integrity of supervisor appointment in post-graduate program with data-driven decision making strategy: A Proposal. Journal of Governance and Integrity5(1): 141–154.
2.
AbrahamPKuriakoseSSalimAM (2020) Role of digital libraries in library and information science education: A study among LIS students of MG University, Kottayam. Library Philosophy and Practice2020: 4476.
3.
AdamIOEffahJBoatengR (2017) Virtualisation of an administrative work environment in higher education: Managing information in a developing country university. Journal of Enterprise Information Management30(5): 723–747.
4.
AhmadFWidénGHuvilaI (2020) The impact of workplace information literacy on organizational innovation: An empirical study. International Journal of Information Management51: 102041.
5.
A LaFranceJLaFranceDD MeltonT (2020) Chair agency, chair preparation, and academic supports in educational leadership doctoral programs in the United States. International Journal of Doctoral Studies15: 111–133.
6.
Al-SayedMSMMahmoudOM (2017) Digital information culture among researchers in the fields of humanities and social sciences and its impact on specialized non-governmental libraries: A study using the impact measurement method. Cybrarians Journal46: NA–NA.
7.
AlvesPLopesAMenezesI, et al. (2021) The research-practice nexus in doctoral education: The voices of social and health sciences PhD candidates and graduates. Research in Post-Compulsory Education26(3): 290–311.
8.
AmbrizGSHernándezAYAmbrizMLS (2023) Competencias Informacionales: Instrumentación de estrategias docente para su desarrollo, estudiantes de posgrado en ciencias de la Administración. Revista de Gestão e Secretariado14(3): 3063–3096. Article 3.
9.
AndreaB-AMiguelN-TFrankG-R, et al. (2022) Visibility of scientific production and digital identity of researchers through Digital Technologies. Education Sciences12(12): 926.
10.
ArkseyHO’MalleyL (2005) Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology8(1): 19–32.
11.
Association of College and Research Libraries (2015) Framework for information literacy for higher education. Chicago: American Library Association.
12.
AzarovVNChekmarevAV (2022) Optimization model of digital higher education—SMART University 4.0. In: 2022 International conference on quality management, transport and information security, information technologies (IT&QM&IS), pp.320–322. DOI: 10.1109/ITQMIS56172.2022.9976700
13.
BellDL (2021) A qualitative investigation of the digital literacy practices of doctoral students. Journal of Information Literacy15(3): 82.
BradyMO’ReillyN (2020) Learning management systems and their impact on academic work. Technology Pedagogy and Education29(3): 251–268.
16.
BraunVClarkeV (2012) Thematic analysis. In: CooperHCamicPMLongDL, et al. (eds) APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology, Vol 2: Research Designs: Quantitative, Qualitative, Neuropsychological, and Biological. American Psychological Association, pp.57–71.
17.
BreivikJ (2016) Critical thinking in online educational discussions measured as progress through inquiry phases: A discussion of the cognitive presence construct in the community of inquiry framework. International Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education32(1): 1–16.
18.
CarreteroSVuorikariRPunieY (2017) DigComp 2.1: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens with eight proficiency levels and examples of use, EUR 28558 EN. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union
19.
Castro BenavidesLMTamayo AriasJAArango SernaMD, et al. (2020) Digital transformation in higher education institutions: A systematic literature review. Sensors20(11): 3291.
20.
Castro BenavidesLMTamayo AriasJABurgosD, et al. (2022) Measuring digital transformation in higher education institutions – Content validity instrument. Applied Computing and Informatics: 1–16. DOI: 10.1108/aci-03-2022-0069
21.
ChooCW (2013) Information culture and organizational effectiveness. International Journal of Information Management33(5): 775–779.
22.
ChooCWFurnessCPaquetteS, et al. (2006) Working with information: Information management and culture in a professional services organization. Journal of Information Science32(6): 491–510.
23.
ChristensenJMandelkernR (2022) The technocratic tendencies of economists in government bureaucracy. Governance35(1): 233–257.
24.
CookeASmithDBoothA (2012) Beyond PICO: The SPIDER Tool for qualitative evidence synthesis. Qualitative Health Research22(10): 1435–1443.
25.
CorcoranNDuaneA (2017) Using enterprise social networks as a knowledge management tool in higher education. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems47(4): 555–570.
26.
DaneshmandniaA (2019) The influence of organizational culture on information governance effectiveness. Records Management Journal29(1/2): 18–41.
27.
DaudtHMvan MosselCScottSJ (2013) Enhancing the scoping study methodology: A large, inter-professional team’s experience with Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. BMC Medical Research Methodology13(1): 48.
28.
DavenportTHPrusakL (2000) Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press.
29.
DavidovitchNBelichenkoM (2016) Developmental and implementation challenges of E-Learning management systems in higher education. Higher Education Studies6(4): 170.
30.
DejaMRakDBellB (2021) Digital transformation readiness: Perspectives on academia and library outcomes in information literacy. Journal of Academic Librarianship47(5): 102403.
31.
DenyerDTranfieldDvan AkenJE (2008) Developing design propositions through research synthesis. Organization Studies29(3): 393–413.
32.
DetlorB (2010) Information management. International Journal of Information Management30(2): 103–108.
33.
European Commission. Joint Research Centre (2016) DigComp 2.0: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
34.
European Commission. Joint Research Centre (2017) DigComp 2.1: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens With Eight Proficiency Levels and Examples of Use. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
35.
European Commission. Joint Research Centre (2022) DigComp 2.2, the Digital Competence Framework for Citizens: With New Examples of Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
36.
FarrowRMoeR (2019) Rethinking the role of the academy: Cognitive authority in the age of post-truth. Teaching in Higher Education24(3): 272–287.
37.
FedererL (2016) Research data management in the age of big data: Roles and opportunities for librarians. Information Services & Use36(1–2): 35–43.
38.
FergusonHWheatKL (2015) Early career academic mentoring using Twitter: The case of #ecrchat. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management37(1): 3–13.
39.
ForbesCBowersJ (2019) Emotional silos: A review of doctoral candidates’ isolating experiences and the role for academic librarians in campus-wide support networks. Information Research24(1): isic1823.
40.
FraenzaCRyeT (2021) Supporting the social integration of online doctoral students through peer mentoring. Learning Assistance Review26(1): 133–161.
41.
GarrisonDR (2016) E-learning in the 21st Century: A Community of Inquiry Framework for Research and Practice. New York: Routledge.
42.
GarroteRPetterssonT (2011) The use of learning management systems: A longitudinal case study. Eleed8(1): 0009-5-31456.
43.
GoodsettM (2020) Best practices for teaching and assessing critical thinking in information literacy online learning objects. Journal of Academic Librarianship46(5): 102163.
GuerinCXafisVDodaDV, et al. (2013) Diversity in collaborative research communities: A multicultural, multidisciplinary thesis writing group in public health. Studies in Continuing Education35: 65–81.
46.
HumphreySTRobinMK (eds) (2017) A Handbook for Doctoral Supervisors, 2nd edn.London: Routledge.
47.
InceSHoadleyCKirschnerPA (2019) The role of libraries in teaching doctoral students to become information-literate researchers. Information and Learning Sciences120(3/4): 158–172.
48.
JimCKChangH (2018) The current state of data governance in higher education. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology55(1): 198–206.
49.
KaczkóOstendorfA (2023) Critical thinking in the community of inquiry framework: An analysis of the theoretical model and cognitive presence coding schemes. Computers & Education193: 104662.
50.
Koler-PovhTTurk (2020) Information literacy of doctoral students in engineering and the librarian’s role. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science52(1): 27–39.
51.
KoppMGröblingerOAdamsS (2019) Five common assumptions that prevent digital transformation at higher education institutions. In: Gómez ChovaLLópez MartínezACandel TorresI (eds) 13th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, Valencia, Spain, March 2019, pp.1448–1457. DOI: 10.21125/inted.2019.0445
52.
KovalcikieneKBuksnyte-MarmieneL (2021) Doctoral students as future teachers at universities: Factors related to professional identity. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability23(2): 45–61.
53.
KulikowskiKPotoczekAAntipowE, et al. (2019) How to survive in academia: Demands, resources and study satisfaction among Polish PhD students. Educational Sciences Theory & Practice19(4): 65–79.
54.
LambrevVSCruzBC (2021) Becoming scholarly practitioners: Creating community in online professional doctoral education. Distance Education42(4): 567–581.
LangsetIDJacobsenDYHaugsbakkenH (2018) Digital professional development: Towards a collaborative learning approach for taking higher education into the digitalized age. Nordic Journal of Digital Literacy13(1): 24–39.
57.
LappalainenPH (2017) Teacher-researchers as levers of doctoral curriculum in engineering. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP)7(2): 48.
58.
LauriLHeidmetsMVirkusS (2016) The information culture of higher education institutions: The Estonian case. Information Research21(3): 722.
59.
MancaSRanieriM (2017) Implications of social network sites for teaching and learning. Where we are and where we want to go. Education and Information Technologies22(2): 605–622.
60.
MarchandDAKettingerWJRollinsJD (2002) Information Orientation: The Link to Business Performance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
61.
Martin-MelonRHernández-PérezTMartínez-CardamaS (2023) Research data services (RDS) in Spanish academic libraries. Journal of Academic Librarianship49(4): 102732.
62.
MillerBPintoM (2022) Epistemic equality: Distributive epistemic justice in the context of justification. Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal32(2): 173–203.
63.
MintzbergH (2007) Tracking Strategies: Toward a General Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press on Demand.
64.
MooreMSingleyE (2019) Understanding the information behaviors of doctoral students: An Exploratory Study. portal Libraries and the Academy19(2): 279–293.
65.
MurphyM (2009) Bureaucracy and its limits: Accountability and rationality in higher education. British Journal of Sociology of Education30(6): 683–695.
66.
NonakaITakeuchiH (2021) Humanizing strategy. Long Range Planning54(4): 102070.
67.
Obredor-BaldovinoTCombita-NiñoHCrissien-BorreroTJ, et al. (2019) University quality measurement model based on balanced scorecard. In: FlorezHLeonMDiaz-NafriaJM, et al. (eds) Applied Informatics Fourth International Conference, ICAI 2021, Buenos Aires, Argentina, October 28–30, 2021. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp.131–144.
68.
OliverG (2017) Understanding information culture: Conceptual and implementation issues. Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice5(1): 6–14.
69.
OmanyoJONdiegeJR (2023) Knowledge management considerations in learning management systems in higher education institutions: A systematic review, synthesis and research agenda. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems: 1–16. DOI: 10.1108/vjikms-09-2022-0305
70.
OrtollECobarsíJCanalsA, et al. (2021) Information behaviour in an online university. In: BakerDEllisL (eds) Future Directions in Digital Information. Cambridge: Elsevier, pp.127–144.
71.
O’FlahertyJPhillipsC (2015) The use of flipped classrooms in higher education: A scoping review. Internet and Higher Education25: 85–95.
72.
PageMJMcKenzieJEBossuytPM, et al. (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ372: n71.
73.
PavaniAMB (2007) The role of digital libraries in higher education. In: International Conference on Engineering Education – ICEE 2007, Coimbra, Portugal, 3-7 September 2007. Available at: https://www.ineer.org/Events/ICEE2007/papers/637.pdf (accessed 12 November 2023).
74.
PechenizkiyMGasevicD (2015) Introduction into sparks of the learning analytics future. Journal of Learning Analytics1(3): 145–149.
75.
PhamMTRajićAGreigJD, et al. (2014) A scoping review of scoping reviews: Advancing the approach and enhancing the consistency. Research Synthesis Methods5(4): 371–385.
76.
PhamT (2022) Academic identity development of Asian international doctoral students at a public university – A reflexive thematic analysis. International Journal of Doctoral Studies17: 323–344.
77.
PhanA (2022) The academic identity development of international doctoral students. Journal of International Students13(4): 1–21. DOI: 10.32674/jis.v13i4.5120
78.
PintoMFernández-RamosASánchezG, et al. (2013) Information competence of doctoral students in Information Science in Spain and Latin America: A Self-assessment. Journal of Academic Librarianship39(2): 144–154.
79.
PircherRPausitsA (2011) Information and knowledge management at higher education institutions. Information Systems Management6(2): 8–16.
80.
PlekhanovDFrankeHNetlandTH (2023) Digital transformation: A review and research agenda. European Management Journal41: 821–844.
81.
PradanaMSilvianitaASyarifuddinS, et al. (2022) The implication of digital organisational culture on firm performance. Frontiers in Psychology13: 840699.
82.
PriceL (2012) The Sims as resource: A virtual ethnography evaluating the concept of digital information culture in the gaming world. University of London. Available at: https://hcommons.org/deposits/item/hc:10975/ (accessed 5 November 2023).
83.
ReddyMCJansenBJ (2008) A model for understanding collaborative information behavior in context: A study of two healthcare teams. Information Processing & Management44(1): 256–273.
84.
RileyFAllenDKWilsonTD (2022) When politicians and the experts collide: Organization and the creation of information spheres. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology73(8): 1127–1139.
85.
SantosHBatistaJMarquesRP (2019) Digital transformation in higher education: The use of communication technologies by students. Procedia Computer Science164: 123–130.
86.
SaundersL (2012) Faculty perspectives on information literacy as a student learning outcome. Journal of Academic Librarianship38(4): 226–236.
87.
ScagerKBoonstraJPeetersT, et al. (2016) Collaborative learning in Higher Education: Evoking positive interdependence. CBE Life Sciences Education15(4): ar69.
88.
Scalabrin BianchiIDinis SousaRPereiraR (2021) Information Technology Governance for Higher Education Institutions: A multi-country study. Informatics8(2): 26.
89.
SchoopEKöhlerTBörnerC, et al. (2016) Consolidating eLearning in a higher education institution: An organisational issue integrating didactics, technology, and people by the means of an eLearning strategy. Available at: http://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/34998
90.
SinghRKumarS (2020) Information evaluation skills of social science researchers: An assessment. Annals of Library and Information Studies67(4): 222–230.
91.
SoltovetsEChigishevaODmitrovaA (2020) The role of mentoring in digital literacy development of doctoral students at British Universities. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education16(4): em1839. DOI: 10.29333/ejmste/117782
92.
StenbomS (2018) A systematic review of the community of Inquiry survey. Internet and Higher Education39(June): 22–32.
93.
TaylorSWFenderBFBurkeKG (2006) Unraveling the academic productivity of economists: The opportunity costs of teaching and service. Southern Economic Journal72(4): 846–859.
94.
TerryGHayfieldNClarkeV, et al. (2017) Thematic analysis. In: StaintonWWilligC (eds) The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology, vol. 2. London: Sage, pp.17–37.
95.
TokalićR (2023) Training, supervision and mentoring. In: MarušićA (ed.) A Guide to Responsible Research. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp.19–30.
96.
TredinnickL (2008) Digital Information Culture: The Individual and Society in the Digital Age. Oxford: Chandos.
97.
TriccoACLillieEZarinW, et al. (2018) PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine169(7): 467–473.
98.
TurnbullDChughRLuckJ (2022) An overview of the common elements of learning management system policies in higher education institutions. TechTrends66(5): 855–867.
99.
UrizarriTMPMederosLEA (2022) Competencias informacionales en estudiantes de doctorado del sector de la salud en la provincia Holguín, Cuba. Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas21(2): 2.
100.
VeluvaliPSurisettiJ (2022) Learning management system for greater learner engagement in higher education—A review. Higher Education for the Future9(1): 107–121.
101.
VirkusSSalmanA (2021) Effective leadership behaviours and information culture in the higher education institution. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication70(4/5): 418–441.
102.
WidénGSteinerováJ (2019) Information culture. In: ByströmKHeinströmJRuthvenI (eds) Information at Work: Information Management in the Workplace. London: Facet Publishing, pp.63–80.
103.
WinterJTurnerRSpowartL, et al. (2017) Evaluating academic development in the higher education sector: Academic developers’ reflections on using a toolkit resource. Higher Education Research & Development36(7): 1503–1514.
104.
WrightT (2013) Information culture in a government organization: Examining records management training and self-perceived competencies in compliance with a records management program. Records Management Journal23(1): 14–36.
105.
ZhaoYPinto LlorenteAMSánchez GómezMC (2021) Digital competence in higher education research: A systematic literature review. Computers & Education168: 104212.
106.
XuZZhouXWattsJ, et al. (2023) The effect of student engagement strategies in online instruction for data management skills. Education and Information Technologies28(8): 10267–10284.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
