A gamified mobile application for first-year student orientation to promote library services

Abstract

This study proposes a mobile application as a new approach for first-year student orientation to promote knowledge of library services using the gamification concept. The application is based on mobile devices with GPS to locate students, allowing them to catch, collect, and battle monsters around the library with questions on library service instructions. To evaluate the learning effectiveness of the approach, we performed a comparative experiment in which the control group used e-learning, while the experimental group used the mobile application of the CMU Journey. We evaluated the pre-and post-test scores, delayed 1-month post-test scores, and intrinsic motivation based on the IMI questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the preference for gamified experience among students can enhance knowledge retention and intrinsic motivation compared to other groups.

Keywords

Gamification intrinsic motivation library services mobile learning orientation

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Alsawaier

(2018) The effect of gamification on motivation and engagement. International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 35(1): 56–79.

Anderson

(2007) Effect of problem-based learning on knowledge acquisition, knowledge retention, and critical thinking ability of agriculture students in urban schools. PhD Doctoral Dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia.

Boening

Miller

(2005) New student orientation programs: Promoting diversity. The Community College Enterprise 11(2): 41–50.

Borges

Mizoguchi

Durelli

, et al. (2016) A link between worlds: Toward a conceptual framework for bridging player and learner roles in gamified collaborative learning contexts. In: Koch

Koster

Primo

, et al. (eds) Communications in Computer and Information Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp.19–34.

Brewer

Lee

, et al. (2011) Lights off. Game on. The Kukui Cup: A dorm energy competition. In: Proceedings of the CHI 2011 workshop gamification: Using game design elements in non-game contexts, Vancouver, BC, 7–12 May 2011. New York: ACM.

Broussard

MJS

(2010) Secret agents in the library: Integrating virtual and physical games in a small academic library. College & Undergraduate Libraries 17(1): 20–30.

Chen

Huang

Chou

(2017) Integrating augmented reality into blended learning for elementary science course. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on information and education technology, Tokyo, Japan, January 2017, pp.68–72. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.

Chen

Law

(2016) Scaffolding individual and collaborative game-based learning in learning performance and intrinsic motivation. Computers in Human Behavior 55: 1201–1212.

Cook

Cully

Huftalin

(2003) The connecting point: Orientation at community colleges. In: Ward-Roof

Hatch

(eds) Designing Successful Transitions: A Guide for Orienting Students to College, 2nd edn. Columbia, SC: National Resource Center for the First Year Experience and Students in Transition, pp.125–135.

10.

Creswell

(2012) Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, 4th edn. Boston: Pearson.

11.

Creswell

Clark

VLP

(2017) Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

12.

Denhardt

Blanc

(2009) Public Administration: An Action Orientation, 6th edn. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth.

13.

Deterding

Khaled

Nacke

, et al. (2011) Gamification: Toward a definition. In: Proceedings of the CHI 2011 workshop gamification: Using game design elements in non-game contexts, Vancouver BC, 7 May 2011. New York: ACM.

14.

Donald

(2008) The blood on the stacks ARG: Immersive marketing meets library new student orientation. In: Harris

Rice

(eds) Gaming in Academic Libraries: Collections, Marketing, and Information Literacy. Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries, pp.189–211.

15.

Felker

(2013) Library Quest: Developing a mobile game app for a library. In: ACRL TechConnect Blog. Available at: http://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/?p=3783 (accessed 17 September 2013).

16.

Finnegan

Alleman

(2013) The YMCA and the origins of freshman orientation programs. Historical Studies in Education/Revue d’histoire de l’éducation 25(1). DOI: 10.32316/hse/rhe.v25i1.4289.

17.

Firican

(2018) How to use the fishbone diagram to determine data quality root causes. Dipetik 11(3): 653–664.

18.

Fusich

Dinscore

Smith

, et al. (2011) HML-IQ: Fresno State’s online library orientation game. College & Research Libraries News 72(11): 626–630.

19.

GamifyingEducation (n.d.) GamifyingEducation. Available at: http://www.gamifyingeducation.org/ (accessed 18 December 2021).

20.

Gerling

Masuch

(2011) Exploring the potential of gamification among frail elderly persons. In: Proceedings of the CHI 2011 workshop gamification: Using game design elements in non-game contexts, Vancouver, BC, 7–12 May 2011. New York: ACM.

21.

Goins

Fisher

(2018) Knowledge retention tactics for more effective learning. Available at: https://trainingindustry.com/articles/content-development/Knowledge-retention-tactics-for-more-effective-learning/ (accessed 16 December 2018).

22.

Guthrie

(2010) Service leadership seminar: A unique tool for transition. Journal of College Orientation, Transition, and Retention 18(1): 48–55.

23.

Harteveld

Sutherland

(2017) Personalized gaming for motivating social and behavioral science participation. In: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM workshop on theory-informed user modeling for tailoring and personalizing interfaces, Limassol, Cyprus, March 2017, pp.31–38. New York: ACM.

24.

Hollins

Jr (2009) Examining the impact of a comprehensive approach to student orientation. Inquiry 14(1): 15–27.

25.

Holmes

Charles

Morrow

, et al. (2015) Rehabilitation game model for personalised exercise. In: 2015 international conference on interactive technologies and games, Nottingham, 22–23 October, pp.41–48. New York: IEEE.

26.

Inbar

Tractinsky

Tsimhoni

, et al. (2011) Driving the scoreboard: Motivating EcoDriving through in-car gaming. In: Proceedings of the CHI 2011 workshop gamification: Using game design elements in non-game contexts, Vancouver, BC, 7–12 May, pp.1–4. New York: ACM.

27.

Kaneko

Saito

Nohara

, et al. (2018) Does physical activity enhance learning performance? Learning effectiveness of game-based experiential learning for university library instruction. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 44(5): 569–581.

28.

Kapp

(2012) The Gamification of Learning and Instruction: Game-Based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.

29.

Khamzina

Parab

, et al. (2020) Impact of Pokémon go on physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 58(2): 270–282.

30.

Kim

(2015) Gamification in education and libraries. Library Technology Reports 51(2): 20–28.

31.

Kirriemuir

McFarlane

(2004) Literature review in games and learning. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/32231341_Literature_Review_in_Games_and_Learning (accessed 18 December 2021).

32.

Lee

Hammer

(2011) Gamification in education: What, how, why bother? Academic Exchange Quarterly 15(2): 146.

33.

Lindsey

Shroyer

Pashler

, et al. (2014) Improving students’ long-term knowledge retention through personalized review. Psychological Science 25: 639–647.

34.

Hew

(2020) A comparison of flipped learning with gamification, traditional learning, and online independent study: The effects on students’ mathematics achievement and cognitive engagement. Interactive Learning Environments 28(4): 464–481.

35.

Mallon

(2013) Gaming and gamification. Public Services Quarterly 9(3): 210–221.

36.

Marcus

Beck

(2003) A library adventure: Comparing a treasure hunt with a traditional freshman orientation tour. College & Research Libraries 64(1): 23–44.

37.

Marczewski

(2013) What’s the difference between Gamification and Serious Games? Available at: http://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/AndrzejMarczewski/20130311/188218/Whats_the_difference_between_Gamification_and_Serious_Games.php (accessed 3 November 2013).

38.

NCSU Libraries (2014) Mobile scavenger hunt. Available at: https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/projects/mobile-scavenger-hunt (accessed 3 August 2014).

39.

O’Hanlon

Diaz

Roecker

(2009) A game-based multimedia approach to library orientation. In: LOEX conference proceedings, San Diego, CA, May 2009, pp.403–408.

40.

Pe-Than

EPP

Goh

DHL

Lee

(2014) Making work fun: Investigating antecedents of perceived enjoyment in human computation games for information sharing. Computers in Human Behavior 39: 88–99.

41.

Pramana

Parmanto

Lomas

, et al. (2018) Using mobile health gamification to facilitate cognitive behavioral therapy skills practice in child anxiety treatment: Open clinical trial. JMIR Serious Games 6(2): e9.

42.

Przybylski

Rigby

Ryan

(2010) A motivational model of video game engagement. Review of General Psychology 14(2): 154–166.

43.

Puritat

(2019a) A gamified mobile-based approach with web monitoring for a crowdsourcing framework designed for urban problems related smart government: A case study of Chiang Mai, Thailand. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13(12): 55.

44.

Puritat

(2019b) Enhanced knowledge and engagement of students through the gamification concept of game elements. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 9(5): 41.

45.

Reed

Miller

(2020) Applying gamification to the library orientation: A study of interactive user experience and engagement preferences. Information Technology and Libraries 39(3): 1–26.

46.

Rod-Welch

(2017) Let’s get oriented! Getting intimate with the library, small group sessions for library orientation. In: ACRL 2017. At the Helm: Leading transformation, Baltimore, MD, March 22–25, pp.397–410.

47.

Ryan

Deci

(2000a) Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology 25(1): 54–67.

48.

Ryan

Deci

(2000b) Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist 55(1): 68–78.

49.

Scout Website (2014) Pierce County library. Available at: https://scout.pcls.us (accessed 30 September 2014).

50.

Smith

Baker

(2011) Getting a clue: Creating student detectives and dragon slayers in your library. Reference Services Review 39(4): 628–642.

51.

Soria

Clark

Koch

(2013) Investigating the academic and social benefits of extended new student orientations for first-year students. Journal of College Orientation, Transition, and Retention 20(2): 33–45.

52.

Taspinar

Schmidt

Schuhbauer

(2016) Gamification in education: A board game approach to knowledge acquisition. Procedia Computer Science 99: 101–116.

53.

Turan

Avinc

Kara

, et al. (2016) Gamification and education: Achievements, cognitive loads, and views of students. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 11(7): 64–69.

54.

Vecchione

Mellinger

(2011) Beyond Foursquare: Library treks with SCVNGR. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20294 (accessed 24 February 2011).

55.

Vos

van der Meijden

Denessen

(2011) Effects of constructing versus playing an educational game on student motivation and deep learning strategy use. Computers & Education 56(1): 127–137.

56.

Ward-Roof

(2010) Designing Successful Transitions [OP]: A Guide for Orienting Students to College (The First-Year Experience Monograph Series, 13), 3rd edn. Columbia, SC: National Resource Center for First-Year Experience and Students Transition.

57.

Zainuddin

Shujahat

Haruna

, et al. (2020) The role of gamified e-quizzes on student learning and engagement: An interactive gamification solution for a formative assessment system. Computers & Education 145: 103729.