The paper takes a retrospective look at the work of Henry Evelyn Bliss, classificationist theorist and author of the Bibliographic Classification. Major features of his writings and philosophy are examined and evaluated for the originality of their contribution to the corpus of knowledge in the discipline. Reactions to Bliss's work are analysed, as is his influence on classification theory of the 20th century. Contemporary work on knowledge organization is seen to continue a number of strands from Bliss's original writings. His standing as a classificationist is compared with that of Ranganathan, with the conclusion that he is not given the credit he deserves.
Bakewell, K.G.B. (1978) Classification and Indexing Practice. Hamden, CT: Linnet.
2.
Bengston, B. and Swan Hill , J. (1990) Classification of Library Materials: Current and Future Potential for Providing Access. New York: Neal Schuman.
3.
Bernard, L.L. (1931) ` Review of “The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences ”', Journal of Philosophy28 (8): 220—22, URL (consulted May 2007); http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-362X%2819310409%2928%3A8%3C220%3ATOOKAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q
4.
Bliss, H.E. (1910) `A Modern Classification for Libraries, with Simple Notations, Mnemonics, and Alternatives' , Library Journal35 (8): 351—8.
5.
Bliss, H.E. (1929a) The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences. New York: Henry Holt .
6.
Bliss, H.E. (1929b) ` Standardization in Classification for Special Libraries ' Special Libraries, 20: 74—6.
7.
Bliss, H.E. (1933a) The Organization of Knowledge in Libraries. New York: H.W. Wilson.
8.
Bliss, H.E. (1933b) `What do you mean by Practical Classification?' , Special Libraries24 (2): 35—7.
9.
Bliss, H.E. (1935a) A System of Bibliographic Classification. New York: H.W. Wilson.
10.
Bliss, H.E. (1935b) `The System of the Sciences and the Organization of Knowledge' , Philosophy of Science2 (1): 86—103.
11.
Bliss, H.E. (1937) Better Late than Never. New York: Putnam.
12.
Bliss, H.E. (1940—1953) A Bibliographic Classification Extended by Systematic Auxiliary Schedules for Composite Specification and Notation, 4 vols. New York: H.W. Wilson.
13.
Bliss, J.H. (n.d.) Letters to D.J. Campbell quoted in `A Short Biography of Henry Evelyn Bliss (1870—1955)' in J. Mills and Vanda Broughton ( 1977) Bliss Bibliographic Classification. Introduction and Auxiliary Schedules, 2nd edn. London: Butterworth.
14.
Borchardt, D.H. , Marshall, M.J. and Dunn, L.J. (1955) `University of Tasmania Library in a State of Bliss' , Australian Library Journal4: 48—52.
15.
Bowman, J.H. (2005) `Classification in British Public Libraries: a Historical Perspective' , Library History21 (3): 143—73.
16.
Broughton, V. (2006) `Classification', in J.H. Bowman (ed.) British Librarianship and Information Work, 1991—2000, pp. 494—516. Aldershot : Ashgate .
17.
Buchanan, Brian (1979) Theory of Library Classification. London: Bingley.
18.
Campbell, D.J. (1976) `A Short Biography of Henry Evelyn Bliss (1870—1955)' , Journal of Documentation32 (2): 134—45.
19.
Campbell, D.J. (1977) `A Short Biography of Henry Evelyn Bliss (1870—1955) ', in J. Mills and Vanda Broughton Bliss Bibliographic Classification.Introduction and Auxiliary Schedules, pp. 1—9, 2nd edn. London: Butterworth.
20.
Campbell, D.J. and Freeman, C.B. (1953) ` Bliss's Bibliographical Classification (letter) ', Australian Library Journal July: 86—7.
21.
Campbell, D.J. and Freeman, C.B. (1954) ` Bliss's Bibliographical Classification — Rejoinder (letter) ', Australian Library Journal January: 35—6.
22.
Comte, A. (1830) Cours de Philosophie Positive. Paris: Bachelier.
23.
Cutter, C.A. (1904) Rules for a Dictionary Catalog, 4th edn. Washington: GPO.
24.
Dewey, J. (1920) Reconstruction in Philosophy. New York: Holt.
25.
Drobnicki, J.A. (1996) `Bliss: the Man and the Classification', ERIC Document no. ED396758, URL (consulted May 2007): http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2/content_storage_01/0000000b/80/26/d3/1c.pdf
26.
Dunlap, J.R. (1995) Glimpses of Henry Evelyn Bliss: 1937—1940 . Unpublished. Included as appendix to Thomas, A.R. (1997) ` Bibliographical Classification: The Ideas and Achievements of Henry E. Bliss ', Cataloging and Classification Quarterly25 (1): 103—4.
27.
Eaves, D. et al. (1974) `The University of Tasmania's Reclassification Programme: the First Year' , Australian Academic Research Libraries5 (3): 101—12.
28.
Farrell, C.J. (1934) `The Classification of Books in Libraries (a Review of Organization of Knowledge in Libraries)' , Library Quarterly4: 207—22.
Feibleman, J.K. (1954) ` Theory of Integrative Levels ', British Journal for the Philosophy of Science5: 59—66.
31.
Finim, T. (2004) Folksonomy is the New Black, URL (consulted May 2007): http://ebiquity.umbc.edu/blogger/2004/12/26/folksonomy-is-the-new-black/
32.
Foskett, A.C. (1971) The Subject Approach to Information, 2nd edn. London: Bingley .
33.
Foskett, A.C. (1996) The Subject Approach to Information, 5th edn. London: Library Association.
34.
Garfield, E. (1974) ` The “Other” Immortal: A Memorable Day with Henry E. Bliss ', Wilson Library Bulletin49 (4): 288—92. Reprinted in Current Contents No. 15, 14 April 1975.
35.
Harrison, K.C. (1953) ` Review of the Bibliographic Classification ', The Librarian (May): 7—9.
36.
Harvey, R. and Hider, P. (2004) Organising Knowledge in a Global Society. Wagga Wagga , Australia: Charles Sturt University .
37.
Heyl, P.R. (1931) ` Review of The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences ', Science73 (1897): 498 , URL (consulted May 2007): http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0036-8075%2819310508%293%3A73%3A1897%3C498%3ATOOKAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B
38.
Hjørland, B. (2002) `Domain Analysis in Information Science: Eleven Approaches — Traditional as well as Innovative' , Journal of Documentation58 (4): 422—62.
39.
Hjørland, B. (2007) Approaches to Knowledge Organization . Lecture given at the University of Rome, April 20, 2007, URL (consulted May 2007): http://w3.uniroma1.it/ssab/new/ApproachesToKO.zip
40.
Hyman, R.J. (1972) Access to Library Collections. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow.
41.
Joseph, H.W.B. (1906) Introduction to Logic. Oxford : Clarendon.
42.
Kelley, G.O. (1937) The Classification of Books: An Inquiry into its Usefulness to the Reader. New York: H.W. Wilson.
43.
La Barre, K. (2000) ` Bliss and Ranganathan: Synthesis, Synchronicity or Sour Grapes? ', in N.J. Williamson, C. Beghtol and L. Howarth (eds) Dynamism and Stability in Knowledge Organization : Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the International Society for Knowledge OrganizationToronto, July 13—15, 2000, pp. 157—63. Wurtzburg: Ergon.
44.
Lakoff, G. (1987) Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things. Chicago: University Press.
45.
Langridge, D.W. (1973) Approach to Classification for Students of Librarianship . London: Bingley.
46.
Langridge, D.W. (1976) Classification and Indexing in the Humanities. London: Butterworth.
47.
McIlwaine, I.C. (1967) `Tools for Subject Study. (II) Bibliographic Classification and Colon Classification', in R. Staveley , C. McIlwaine and John H. St. J. McIlwaine (eds) Introduction to Subject Study, pp. 130—50. London: Andre Deutsch.
48.
Maltby, A. and Gill, L. (1979) The Case for Bliss: Modern Classification Practice and Principles in the Context of the Bibliographic Classification. New York: Saur.
49.
Mannlein, E. (1961) An Analysis of Content in the Core Cataloguing and Classification Courses. Washington, DC: Catholic University.
50.
Mathes, A. (2004) Folksonomies — Cooperative Classification and Communication Through Shared Metadata. Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , December 2004, URL (consulted May 2007): http://www.adammathes.com/academic/computer-mediated-communication/folksonomies.html
51.
Metcalfe, J. (1959) Subject Classifying and Indexing of Libraries and Literature. Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
52.
Mills, J. (1953) `Review of the Bibliographic Classification', Library Association Record : 298—300.
53.
Mills, J. (1960) `The Bibliographic Classification of H.E. Bliss ', in A Modern Outline of Library Classification, pp. 133—51. London: Chapman and Hall.
54.
Mills, J. (1976) `The Bibliographic Classification', in Maltby, A. (ed.) Classification in the 1970s: A Second Look, pp. 25—50. London: Bingley.
55.
Mills, J. and Broughton, V. (1977) Bliss Bibliographic Classification. Introduction and Auxiliary Schedules2nd edn. London: Butterworth.
56.
Needham, C.D. (1964) Organizing Knowledge in Libraries. London: Andre Deutsch.
57.
Palmer, B. (1954) ` Review of the Bibliographic Classification ', Journal of Documentation (10 March): 26—8.
58.
Paton, W.B. (1953) ` Review of the Bibliographic Classification ', Library Review (Winter): 237—8. Pinker, S. (1997) How the Mind Works . New York: Norton.
59.
Ranganathan, S.R. (1955) ` Obituary of Bliss ', Library Association Record57 (9): 374 .
60.
Rosch, E. (1975) `Cognitive Representations of Semantic Categories' , Journal of Experimental Psychology: General109: 192—234.
61.
Rowley, J. and Farrow, J. (2000) Organizing Knowledge: An Introduction to Managing Access to Information, 3rd edn. Aldershot: Gower.
62.
Sarton, G. (1930) `Review of The Organization of Knowledge and the System of the Sciences' , Isis13 (2): 378, URL (consulted May 2007): http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-1753%28193002%2913%3A2%3C378%3ATOOKAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-7
63.
Sayers, W.C.B. (1938) An Introduction to Library Classification, 5th edn. London: Grafton .
64.
Sayers, W.C.B. (1954) ` In Appreciation of the Bibliographic Classification ', Wilson Library Bulletin (28 May): 765—66.
65.
Sayers, W.C.B. (1964) `The Bibliographic Classification', in A Manual of Classification, 3rd edn, revised by Arthur Maltby, pp. 212—26. London: Andre Deutsch .
66.
Sayers, W.C.B. (1975) A Manual of Classification for Librarians, 5th edn, revised by Arthur Maltby. London: Andre Deutsch.
67.
Shera, J. (1966) Documentation and the Organization of Knowledge . Hamden, CT: Archon; London: Crosby Lockwood.
68.
Shoyinka, P. (1975) ` Adoption of the Library of Congress at the University of Ibadan: Decisions and Practices ', Nigerian Librarian11 (1/2): 65—85.
69.
Spiteri, Louise F. (1995) ` The Classification Research Group and the Theory of Integrative Levels ', Katharine Sharp Review1 (Summer), URL (consulted May 2007): http://alexia.lis.uiuc.edu/review.old/summer1995/spiteri.html
70.
Sun, D.D. and Carter, R. (2006) Education for Library Cataloging: International Perspectives. Binghamton, NY: Haworth . [Co-published simultaneously as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, 2005, 41 (2) and 2006, 41 (3/4).]
71.
Sweeney, R. (1990) `The Atlantic Divide: Classification Outside the United States', in B. Bengston and J. Swan HillClassification of Library Materials: Current and Future Potential for Providing Access, pp. 40—51. New York: Neal Schuman.
72.
Taube, M. (1953) `Review of the Bibliographic Classification', College and Research Libraries October: 453—55.
73.
Thomas, A.R. (1976) The Library Cataloguing Curriculum, USA: A Survey of the Contemporary Compulsory Instruction. London: Panizzi.
74.
Thomas, A.R. (1977) `The Bliss Bibliographic Classification in the North American Compulsory Curriculum' , Bliss Classification Bulletin6 (2): 7—9.
75.
Thomas, A.R. (1995) `Blissful Beliefs: Henry Evelyn Bliss Counsels on Classification' , Cataloging and Classification Quarterly19 (3/4): 17—22.
76.
Thomas, A.R. (1997) `Bibliographical Classification: the Ideas and Achievements of Henry E . Bliss', Cataloging and Classification Quarterly25 (1): 51—104.
77.
Ukoh, R.A. (1975) `Library Classification and Change: the Example of Bliss' , Libri25 (3): 168—73.
78.
Vander Wal, T. (2007) Folksonomy Coinage and Definition, URL (consulted May 2007): http://www.vanderwal.net/folksonomy.html
79.
Williamson, N.J. (1990) `Classification: What Should we be Training People to Do?', in B. Bengston and J. Swan Hill (1990) Classification of Library Materials: Current and Future Potential for Providing Access, pp. 27—39. New York: Neal Schuman.
80.
Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Blackwell.
81.
Young, H.H. (1957) Cataloguing Courses in the Prescribed Curriculum . Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois Library School. Occasional Papers No. 49.
