Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

1 Two different concentrations (0.08 and 0.16 μg ml^-1) of methyl parathion (MP), a broad-spectrum insecticide, were tested on peripheral lymphocytes of healthy non-smoking non-alcoholics (CN), chronic smokers (SM) and alcoholics with smoking habit (ALSM).

2 SM and ALSM revealed a significant increase in chromosome aberration frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes compared to the CN group.

3 MP did not induce chromosomal aberrations in vitro in the CN group at either of the concentrations tested.

4 In SM and ALSM , MP induced a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations in vitro in peripheral lymphocytes at a concentration of 0.16 μg ml^-1.

5 The results indicate that the damage induced by MP in peripheral lymphocytes is potentiated by smoking and alcohol intake.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Ferreira FR & Fernandes Ams. Gas liquid chromatographic determination of organophosphorus insecticide in fruits and vegetables. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1980; 63: 517-22.

Draper WM & Street JC Drift from a commercial, aerial application of methyl and ethyl parathion: An estimation of potential human exposure. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 1981; 26: 530-36.

Malhi PK & Grover IS Genotoxic effects of some OP pesticides. II: in vivo chromosomal aberration bioassay in bone marrow cells in rat. Mutation Research 1987; 188: 45-52.

Rupa DS , Reddy PP & Reddi OS Cytogenicity of quinalphos and methyl parathion in human peripheral lymphocytes . Human and Experimental Toxicology 1990: 9: 385-87.

Who/Fao. Codex Alimentarious 13. Codex Maximum Limits for Residues. Geneva: WHO , 1986.

Hollander M. & Wolfe DA Non-Parametric Statistical Methods, pp. 124-9. New York: John Wiley, 1973.

Obe G. , Mutagenic activity of ethanol. In: Animal Models in Alcohol Research, Eriksson K , Sinclair JD & Kilianmaa eds. London: Academic Press , 1980.

Ristow H. & Obe G. Acetaldehyde induces cross links in DNA and causes sister chromatid exchanges in human cells. Mutation Research 1978; 58: 115-19.

Evans HJ The induction of aberrations in human chromosomes following exposure to mutagens/ carcinogens. In: Environmental Carcinogenesis , Emmelot P & Kriek E eds, pp. 329-44. Amsterdam: Elsevier, North Holland.

10.

Obe G. Mutagenicity of alcohol and tobacco smoke. In: Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems, Isreal Y , Glaser FB , Kalant H , Popham RE , Schmidt W & Smart RG eds, Vol. 5. New York: Plenum, 1980.

11.

Rupa DS , Reddy PP & Reddi OS Frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in smokers exposed to pesticides in cotton fields. Environmental Research 1989 ; 222: 37-42.

12.

Nagal W. The mitotic and endomitotic nuclear cycle in Allium cariantum. II: relation between DNA replication and chromosome structure. Caryologica 1970; 26: 71-8.

13.

Chen HH , Hsueh JL , Sirianni SR & Huang CC Induction of sister chromatid exchanges and cell cycle delay in cultured mammalian cells treated with eight organophosphorus pesticides. Mutation Research 1981; 88: 307-16.

14.

Sobli RC , Krissha A. & Pfaffenberger CD Cytokinetic and cytogenetic effects of some agricultural chemicals on human lymphoid cells in vitro; organophosphates . Mutation Research 1982; 102: 89-102.

15.

Crebelli R. , Conti L. , Fselli S. et al. Further studies on the co-mutagenic activity of cigarette smoke condensate. Mutation Research 1991; 259: 29-36.

16.

Alcohol and Cancer Workshop. Cancer Research 1979; 39: 2815-908.

17.

Obe G. & Ristow H. Mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of alcohol. Mutation Research 1979; 65: 229-59.

18.

Smoking and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. US Department of Health, Education and Welfare publication, 1979.

Chromosomal Aberrations Induced by Methyl Parathion in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes of Alcoholics and Smokers

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References