Floodplain sediments deposited along the lower course of the Morava River (eastern Czech Republic), were studied in the Strážnické Pomoraví region to describe the alluvial history of the river over the last millennium. The sediments exposed in up to 5 m high erosional river banks were analysed using mineral magnetic, geochemical and chemical approaches. The age model of the sedimentary sequences was constructed from radiocarbon dates in association with 206Pb/207Pb and POP (DDT, PCB) analysis and 137Cs activity data. The Cu-trien method was used for stratigraphically correlating these deposits based on the variation of expandable clay minerals in the sediments. The resulting stratigraphic pattern reveals the alluvial history of the currently active river channel system since the end of the first millennium AD. Fine overbank clayey sediments deposited during the `Mediaeval Warm Period' were eroded from cultivated fields newly formed during Mediaeval colonization between 1250 and 1450. These fine deposits are overlain by coarser floodplain sediments of the `Little Ice Age', indicating a change in the sediment source since the sixteenth century AD, and a substantial increase in the sediment load in the second half of twentieth century. The Strážnické Pomoraví floodplain deposits represent a valuable palaeoenvironmental archive of the last millennium, containing records of fluvial processes considerably altered by human activities.
Ammann, L., Bergaya, F. and Lagaly, G.2005: Determination of the cation exchange capacity of clays with copper complexes revisited. Clay Minerals40, 441-53.
2.
Banerjee, S.K., King, J. and Marvin, J.1981: A rapid method for magnetic granulometry with applications to environmental studies. Geophysical Research Letters8, 333-36.
3.
Bollhöfer, A. and Rosman, K.J.R.2001: Isotopic source signatures for atmospheric lead: the Northern Hemisphere. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta65, 1727-40.
4.
Bork, H.-R.1989: Soil erosion during the past millennium in central Europe and its significance within the geomorphodynamics of the Holocene. Catena Supplement15, 121-31.
5.
Brázdil, R., Dobrovolný, P., Elleder, L., Kakos, V., Kotyza, O., Květon, V., Macková, J., Müller, M., S tekl, J., Tolasz, R. and Valášek, H.2005: Historical and recent floods in the Czech Republic. Masaryk University in Brno, CzechHydrometeorological Institute in Prague, 369 pp.
6.
Breemen, N.1988: Long-term chemical, mineralogical, and morphological effects of iro-redox processes in periodically flooded soils. In Stucki, J.W., Goodman, B.A. and Schwertmann, U., editors, Iron in soils and clay minerals. D. Reidel Publishing Company , 811-23.
7.
Curie, L.A.1995: Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities. (IUPAC Recommendation 1995). Pure and Applied Chemistry67, 1699-723.
8.
Curtin, D., Selles, F. and Steppuhn, H.1998: Estimating calciummagnesinm selectivity in smectitic soils from organic matter and texture. Soil Science Society of America Journal62, 1280-85.
9.
Dearing, J.A., Håkansson, H., Liedberg-Jönsson, B., Persson, A., Skansjö, S., Widholm, D. and El-Daoshy, F.1987: Lake sediments used to quantify the erosional response to land use change in southern Sweden. Oikos50, 60-78.
10.
Dearing, J.A., Battarbee, R.W., Dikau, R., Larocque, I. and Oldfield, F.2006: Human-environment interactions: towards synthesis and simulation. Regional Environmental Change6, 115-23.
11.
Emmanuel, S. and Erel, Y.2002: Implications from concentrations and isotopic data for Pb partitioning processes in soils. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta66, 2517-27.
12.
Erel, Y., Veron, A. and Halicz, L.1997: Tracing the transport of anthropogenic lead in the atmosphere and in soils using isotopic ratios. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta61, 4495-505.
13.
Ettler, V., Mihaljevič, M. and Komárek, M.2004: ICP-MS measurements of lead isotopic ratios in soils heavily contaminated by lead smelting: tracing the sources of pollution . Analytical Bioanalytical Chemistry378, 311-17.
14.
Foster, I.D.L., Mighall, T.M., Wotton, C., Owens, P.N. and Walling, D.E.2000: Evidence for Mediaeval soil erosion in the South Hams region of Devon, UK. The Holocene10, 261-71.
15.
Grygar, T., Bezdička, P., Hradil, D., Hrušková, M., Novotná, K., Kadlec, J., Pruner, P. and Oberhänsli, H.2005: Characterization of expandable clay minerals in Lake Baikal sediments by thermal dehydration and cation exchange. Clays and Clay Minerals53, 389-400.
16.
Grygar, T., Bláhová, A., Hradil, D., Bezdička, P., Kadlec, J., Schnabl, P., Swann, G. and Oberhänsli, H.2007: Lake Baikal climatic record between 310 and 50 ky BP: interplay between diatoms, watershed weathering and orbital forcing . Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology250, 50-67.
17.
Gupta, S.K. and Polach, H.A.1985: Radiocarbon dating practises at ANU. ANU.
18.
Havlíček, P.1991: The Morava River Basin during the last 15 000 years . In Starkel, L., Gregory, K.J. and Thornes, J.B., editors, Temperate palaeohydrology. Wiley and Sons Ltd, 319-41.
19.
Havlíček, P. and Smolíková, L.1994: Evolution of south Moravian flood plains (in Czech) , V stník eského geologického ústavu69, 23-40.
20.
Jiang, Y., Zhang, Y.G., Liang, W.J. and Li, Q.2005: Pedogenic and anthropogenic influence on calcium and magnesium behaviors in Stagnic Anthrosols. Pedosphere15, 341-46.
21.
Jobbágy, E.G. and Jackson, R.B.2001: The distribution of soil nutrients with depth: global patterns and the imprint of plants. Biogeochemistry53, 51-77.
22.
Kadlec, J. and Diehl, J.F.2005: Natural and human impacts on the magnetic signal from floodplain deposits of the Morava River (Czech Republic). The IRM Quaterly15, 2-3.
23.
Kalicki, T.2000: Grain size of the overbank deposits as carriers of paleogeographical information. Quaternary International72, 107-14.
24.
--- 2006: Reflection of climatic changes and human activity and their role in the Holocene evolution of central European valleys (in Polish) . Prace Geograficzne204, 348 pp.
25.
Kalicki, T. and Krapiec, M.1995: Problems of dating alluvium using burried subfossil tree trunks: lessons from the `black oak' of the Vistula Valley, Central Europe . The Holocene5, 243-50.
26.
Kapička, A., Petrovský, E., Fialová, H., Podrázský, V. and Dvořák, I.2008: High resolution mapping of anthropogenic pollution in the Giant Mountains National Park using soil magnetometry . Studia Geophysica Geodetica52, 271-84.
27.
Komárek, M., Ettler, V., Chrastný, V. and Mihaljevič, M.2007: Lead isotopes in environmental sciences: a review. Environment International doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.10.005.
28.
Lewin, J., Macklin, M.G. and Johnstone, E.2005: Interpreting alluvial archives: sedimentological factors in the British, Holocene fluvial record. Quaternary Science Reviews24, 1873-89.
29.
Macaire, J.-J., Bernard, J., Di-Giovanni, C., Hinschberger, F., Limondin-Lozouet, N. and Visset, L.2006: Quantification and regulation of organic and mineral sedimentation in a late-Holocene floodplain as a result of climatic and human impacts (Taligny marsh, Parisian Basin, France). The Holocene16, 647-60.
30.
Macklin, M.G., Johnstone, E. and Lewin, J.2005: Pervasive and long-term forcing of Holocene river instability and flooding in Great Britain by centennial-scale climate change . The Holocene15, 937-43.
31.
Macklin, M.G., Benito, G., Gregory, K.J., Johnstone, E., Lewin, J., Michczyńska, D.J., Soja, R., Starkel, L. and Thorndycraft, V.R.2006: Past hydrological events reflected in the Holocene fluvial record of Europe. Catena66, 145-54.
32.
Meier, L.P. and Kahr, G.1999: Determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay minerals using the complexes of copper(II) ion with triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine. Clays and Clay Minerals47, 386-88.
33.
Mihaljevič, M., Zuna, M., Ettler, V., Šebek, O., Strnad, L. and Goliáš, V.2006a: Lead fluxes, isotopic and concentration profiles in a peat deposit near a lead smelter (Pr íbram, Czech Republic). Science of the Total Environment372, 334-44.
34.
Mihaljevič, M., Ettler, V., Šebek, O., Strnad, L. and Chrastný, V.2006b: Lead isotopic signatures of wine and vineyard soils-tracers of lead origin. Journal of Geochemical Exploration88, 130-33.
35.
Monna, F., Lancelot, J., Croudace, I.W., Cundy, A.B. and Lewis, J.T.1997: Pb isotopic composition of airborne particulate material from France and the southern Europe: implications for Pb pollution sources in urban areas. Environmental Science and Technology31, 2277-86.
36.
Monna, F., Hamer, K., Léveque, J. and Sauer, M.2000: Pb isotopes as a reliable marker of early mining and smelting in the Northern Harz province (Lower Saxony, Germany). Journal of Geochemical Exploration68, 201-10.
37.
Novák, M., Emmanuel, S., Vile, M.A., Erel, Y., Véron, A., Pačes, T., Wieder, K.R., Vaněček, M., Štepánová, M., Břízová, E. and Hovorka, J.2003: Origin of lead in eight central European peat bogs determined from isotope ratios, strengths, and operation times of regional pollution sources. Environmental Science and Technology37, 437-45.
38.
Opravil, E.1983: Flood plain in the times of fortified settlement. (Monograph in Czech), Academia, 77 pp.
39.
Owens, P.N., Walling, D.E. and Leeks, G.J.L.1999: Use of floodplain sediment cores to investigate recent historical changes in overbank sedimentation rates and sediment sources in the catchment of the River Ouse, Yorkshire, UK. Catena36, 21-47.
40.
Prudič, Z.1978: The Strážnice floodplain forest in the second half of the 1st millennium A.D. (in Czech), Lesnictví24, 1019-36.
41.
Reimer, P.J., Baillie, M.G.L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Bertrand, C.J.H., Blackwell, P.G., Buck, C.E., Burr, G.S., Cutler, K.B., Damon, P.E., Edwards, R.L., Fairbanks, R.G., Friedrich, M., Guilderson, T.P., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., McCormac, G., Manning, S., Ramsey, C.B., Reimer, R.W., Remmele, S., Southon, J.R., Stuiver, M., Talamo, S., Taylor, F.W., van der Plicht, J. and Weyhenmeyer, C.E.2004: IntCal04 terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP. Radiocarbon46, 1029-58.
42.
Saif, H.T., Smeck, N.E. and Bigham, J.M.1997: Pedogenic influence on base saturation and calcium/magnesium ratios in soils of southeastern Ohio. Soil Science Society of America Journal61, 509-15.
43.
Shaw, J.N., West, L.T. and Hajek, B.F.2001: Ca-Mg ratios for evaluating pedogenesis in the piedmont province of the southeastern United States of America. Canadian Journal of Soil Science81, 415-21.
44.
Spiteri, C., Kalinski, V., Rösler, W., Hoffmann, V., Appel, E. and Magprox Team2005: Magnetic screening of a pollution hotspot in the Lausitz area, Eastern Germany: correlation analysis between magnetic proxies and heavy metal contamination in soils. Environmental Geology49, 1-9.
45.
Starkel, L.2002: Change in the frequency of extreme events as the indicator of climatic change in the Holcene (in fluvial systems). Quaternary International91, 25-32.
46.
Starkel, L., Soja, R. and Michczynska, D.J.2006: Past hydrological events reflected in Holocene history of Polish rivers. Catena66, 24-33.
47.
Stuiver, M. and Polach, H.A.1977: Reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon19, 355-63.
48.
Svobodová, H.1989: A reconstruction of natural environment and settlement in the environs of Mistr ín. A palynological study (in Czech). Památky archeologické80, 188-206.
49.
--- 1990: Vegetation of southern Moravia in the second half of the first millennium (in Czech). Archeologické rozhledy42, 170-205.
50.
--- 1997: Die Entwicklung der Vegetation im Südmähren während des Spätglazials und Holozäns. (Palynologische Studie). Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen-Gesellschaft134, 317-56.
51.
Sycheva, A.2006: Long-term pedolithogenic rhythms in the Holocene . Quaternary International152-153, 181-91.
52.
Thorndycraft, V.R. and Benito, G.2006: The Holocene fluvial chronology of Spain: evidence from a newly compiled radiocarbon database. Quaternary Science Reviews25, 223-34.
53.
Vannière, B., Bossuet, G., Walter-Simonnet, A.V., Gauthier, E., Barral, P., Petit, C., Buatier, M. and Daubigney, A.2003: Land use change, soil erosion and alluvial dynamic in the lower Doubs Valley over the 1st millenium AD (Neublans, Jura, France) . Journal of Archaeological Science30, 1283-99.
54.
Vrbová-Dvorská, J., Vachek, M., Poláček, L., Tegel, W. and Škojec, J.2005: Paläoökologische und dendrochronologische Untersuchungen an subfossilen Baumstämmen in Flußablagerungen der March/Morava bei Strážnice, Südmähren. In Poláček, L., editor, Studien zum Burgwall von Mikul ice VI. Archaeological Institute ASCR Brno, 59-92.
