Abstract
Trade unions today struggle to come to terms with the changing identities of their actual and potential members. In the first of these two complementary papers, Zoll argues that unions so far have failed to adapt to the complex dynamic of social change which he defines as a second stage of modernization. For Valkenburg, it is possible to recognize a painful process through which some unions are redefining their ideas of collectivism and participation in response to the changing attitudes of employees. Each author offers brief comments on the other's analysis.
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