In the People's Republic of China, psychology was attacked twice: in 1958 and during the `Cultural Revolution'. However, even during that terrible time, some Chinese psychologists continued to do research alone and in secret. Among Chinese psychologists of the older generation, there were some who tried to take dialectical materialism as the guiding principle in their work as early as the 1930s. In addition, a special research field of Chinese psychology is to unearth the psychological teachings of ancient China. Valuable achievements have been made in this area.
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