Chest expansion (CE) is affected by the strength of shoulder abductor and adductor muscles. However, there is a scarcity of information regarding the quantitative nature of this link.
Objectives
To investigate the relationship between CE and the peak moment (PM) of the shoulder diagonal adduction and abduction in healthy college females.
Methods
Seventy-four female university students between the ages of 18 and 24 participated in this cross-sectional study. The peak moment of the examined muscles was tested at 90o/s. At the end of the inspiration and expiration cycles, the CE was measured in centimeters (cm) at the upper and lower levels of the rib cage using a measuring tape.
Results
The lower CE was significantly greater than its upper expansion (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between the shoulder joint diagonal abduction and adduction PM (p = 0.101). However, there was a moderate positive correlation between shoulder diagonal adduction PM, and both upper and lower CE (r = 0.648, p = 0.001; r = 0.548, p = 0.002, respectively), and a fair positive correlation between the shoulder diagonal abduction PM, and upper and lower CE (r = 0.383, p = 0.037; r = 0.419, p = 0.021, respectively).
Conclusion
The results imply that the lower chest mobility was greater than its upper mobility among female college students. Furthermore, the shoulder adduction moment is related to upper and lower CE. These findings may serve as indicators in pulmonary and cardiac rehabilitation.
PadkaoTBoonlaO. Relationships between respiratory muscle strength, chest wall expansion, and functional capacity in healthy nonsmokers. J Exerc Rehabil2020; 16: 189–196.
2.
MollJMHLiyanageSPWrightAV. An objective clinical method to measure lateral spinal flexion. Rheumatology1972; 11: 225–239.
3.
LemaitreFCoquartJBChavallardF, et al.Effect of additional respiratory muscle endurance training in young well-trained swimmers. J Sport Sci Med2013; 12: 630–638.
4.
JohanssonE-LTernesten-HasséusEOlsénMF, et al.Respiratory movement and pain thresholds in airway environmental sensitivity, asthma and COPD. Respir Med2012; 106: 1006–1013.
5.
GuérinCCoussaMLEissaNT, et al.Lung and chest wall mechanics in mechanically ventilated COPD patients. J Appl Physiol1993; 74: 1570–1580.
6.
Rahali-KhachloufHPoiraudeauSFermanianJ, et al.Validity and reliability of spinal clinical measures in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Readapt Med Phys Rev Sci la Soc Fr Reeduc Fonct Readapt Med Phys2001; 44: 205–212.
7.
FisherLRCawleyMIHolgateST. Relation between chest expansion, pulmonary function, and exercise tolerance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis1990; 49: 921–925.
8.
LanzaFDCde CamargoAAArchijaLRF, et al.Chest wall mobility is related to respiratory muscle strength and lung volumes in healthy subjects. Respir Care2013; 58: 2107–2112.
9.
SharmaJSenjyuHWilliamsL, et al.Intra-tester and inter-tester reliability of chest expansion measurement in clients with ankylosing spondylitis and healthy individuals. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc2004; 7: 23–28.
10.
GouillyPReggioriBGnosPL, et al.A propos de la mesure de l’ampliation thoracique. Kinésithérapie Rev2009; 9: 49–55.
11.
VerschakelenJADemedtsMG. Normal thoracoabdominal motions. Influence of sex, age, posture, and breath size. Am J Respir Crit Care Med1995; 151: 399–405.
12.
ReddyRSAlahmariKASilvianPS, et al.Reliability of chest wall mobility and its correlation with lung functions in healthy nonsmokers, healthy smokers, and patients with COPD. Can Respir J2019; 2019: 5175949.
13.
YoshimiMMaedaNKomiyaM, et al.Effect of thoracic expansion restriction on scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joint motion during shoulder external rotation. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil2022; 35: 1399–1406.
14.
BianchiRGigliottiFRomagnoliI, et al.Chest wall kinematics and breathkesness during pursed lip breathing. Chest2004; 125: 459–465.
15.
FrownfelterDDeanEStoutM, et al.Cardiovascular and pulmonary physical therapy: evidence to practice. 6th ed. Riverport Lane, USA: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2022.
16.
AndrewsJWilkKReinoldM. The athlete’s shoulder. 2nd ed.Elsevier Inc.; 2009. Epub ahead of print 2009. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-06701-3.X5001-4.
17.
PuttMTWatsonMSealeH, et al.Muscle stretching technique increases vital capacity and range of motion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil2008; 89: 1103–1107.
18.
CourtneyR. The functions of breathing and its dysfunctions and their relationship to breathing therapy. Int J Osteopath Med2009; 12: 78–85.
19.
Inal-InceDCakmakA. Kinesiology of respiration. In: Comparative kinesiology of the human body: normal and pathological conditions. London Wall, United Kingdom: Academic Press, 2020, pp.353–363.
20.
AhmadAMAbdel HalimEASadekMS. Acute effect of combined manual therapy and therapeutic exercise versus short-acting bronchodilator on ventilatory function in patients with COPD. Curr Respir Med Rev2018; 14: 95–99.
21.
SunCAnrakuMKawaharaT, et al.Respiratory strength and pectoralis muscle mass as measures of sarcopenia: relation to outcomes in resected non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2022; 163: 779–787.e2.
22.
WilkKEAndrewsJRArrigoCA. The abductor and adductor strength characteristics of professional baseball pitcherse. Am J Sport Med1995; 23: 307–311.
23.
DehailPGagnonDNoreauL, et al.Assessment of agonist–antagonist shoulder torque ratios in individuals with paraplegia: a new interpretative approach. Spinal Cord2008; 46: 552–558.
24.
DeboucheSPitanceLRobertA, et al.Reliability and reproducibility of chest wall expansion measurement in young healthy adults. J Manip Physiol Therapeutics2016; 39: 443–449.
25.
BaltaciGTunayVB. Isokinetic performance at diagonal pattern and shoulder mobility in elite overhead athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sport2004; 14: 231–238.
26.
AltundagESoyluCAkarcesmeC, et al.The relationship between isokinetic shoulder muscle strength at diagonal pattern, serve speed and functional movement screen (FMS (R)) in female volleyball athletes. Int J Appl Exerc Physiol2019; 8: 126–135.
27.
Abdel-AziemAADrazAHMosaadDM. The long-term effects of static stretching at different times of day on hamstring peak torque and flexibility in trained individuals. Physiother Q2018; 26: 13–20.
28.
StavrouVVavougiosGKaretsiE, et al.Evaluation of respiratory parameters in finswimmers regarding gender, swimming style and distance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol2018; 254: 30–31.
29.
RahmanKAAIsaNFMMirzaFT. Ratio for upper, middle and lower chest expansion in healthy Malaysian adults aged 20 to 40 years. Heal Scope2020; 3: 7–11.
30.
KumarS. Physical therapy and central sensitization: are we explaining to patients with ‘unexplained’ pain?Phys Ther2013; 6: 41–45.
31.
MollJMWrightV. An objective clinical study of chest expansion. Ann Rheum Dis1972; 31: 1–8.
32.
BockenhauerSEChenHJulliardKN, et al.Measuring thoracic excursion: reliability of the cloth tape measure technique. J Osteopath Med2007; 107: 191–196.
33.
CaldeiraVDSStarlingCCDBrittoRR, et al.Precisão e acuŕacia da cirtometria em adultos saud´aveis. J Bras Pneumol2007; 33: 519–526.
34.
AkinoğluBKocahanTÖzkanT. The relationship between peripheral muscle strength and respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength in athletes. J Exerc Rehabil2019; 15: 44–49.
35.
LiuXLiPWangZ, et al.Evaluation of isokinetic muscle strength of upper limb and the relationship with pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in stable COPD patients. Int J COPD2019; 14: 2027–2036.
36.
MulaySUDeviTPJagtapVK. Effectiveness of shoulder and thoracic mobility exercises chest expansion and dyspnea in moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Int J Physiother Res2017; 5: 1960–1965.
37.
Peterson-KendallFKendall-McCrearyEG-PPMcIntyre-RodgersMRW. Muscles testing and function with posture and pain. 5th ed.Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.
38.
EkholmJArboreliusUPHilleredL, et al.Shoulder muscle EMG and resisting moment during diagonal exercise movements resisted by weight-and-pulley-circuit. Scand J Rehabil Med1978; 10: 179–185.
39.
Megumi Wakuda de Abreu VasconcelosCRicardo LopesCMartins AlmeidaV, et al.Effect of different grip position and shoulder- abduction angle on muscle strength and activation during the seated cable row. Int J Strength Cond2023; 3: 1–13.
40.
BalcıAAkınoğluBKocahanT, et al.The relationships between isometric muscle strength and respiratory functions of the Turkish National Paralympic Goalball Team. J Exerc Rehabil2021; 17: 45–51.
41.
PerrineJJEdgertonVR. Muscle force-velocity and power-velocity relationships under isokinetic loading. Med Sci Sport1978; 10: 159–166.
42.
RehmanAGanaiJAggarwalR, et al. Effect of passive stretching of respiratory muscles on chest expansion and 6-minute walk distance in COPD patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health2020; 17: 6480.
43.
JyothiNSSelvamPSAhmedullahM, et al.Effectiveness of PNF stretch of pectoralis major muscle on pulmonary function in COPD patients. Int J Health Sci (Qassim)2021; 6: 969–977.
44.
MonteroFerroABasso-VanelliRPMoreiraMelloR, et al.Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength, lung function, functional capacity, and cardiac autonomic function in Parkinson’s disease: randomized controlled clinical trial protocol. Physiother Res Int2019; 24: e1777.
45.
JungJHKimNS. Changes in training posture induce changes in the chest wall movement and respiratory muscle activation during respiratory muscle training. J Exerc Rehabil2018; 14: 771–777.
46.
RayADUdhojiSMashtareTL, et al.A combined inspiratory and expiratory muscle training program improves respiratory muscle strength and fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil2013; 94: 1964–1970.
47.
ShinSOKimNS. Accessory respiratory muscle activation during chest expansion exercise using elastic bands in children with cerebral palsy. Korean Soc Phys Med2016; 11: 119–124.
48.
WüthrichTUNotterDASpenglerCM. Effect of inspiratory muscle fatigue on exercise performance taking into account the fatigue-induced excess respiratory drive. Exp Physiol2013; 98: 1705–1717.
49.
DuHWonggomPTongpethJ, et al.Six-minute walk test for assessing physical functional capacity in chronic heart failure. Curr Hear Fail Rep2017; 14: 158–166.
50.
YamadaKKinugasaYSotaT, et al.Inspiratory muscle weakness is associated with exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a preliminary study. J Card Fail2016; 22: 38–47.
51.
CavaggioniLOngaroLZanninE, et al.Effects of different core exercises on respiratory parameters and abdominal strength. J Phys Ther Sci2015; 27: 3249–3253.
