Nearly 350 species of biodiesel feedstocks have been identified by many researchers for the past few decades. Unlike petroleum diesel, the biodiesel degrades rapidly and deterioration of its quality occurred while contacting with atmospheric oxygen. This main drawback of instability of fuel properties limited the commercial use of biodiesel in the global fuel market. To inhibit this oxidative degradation of biodiesel, the antioxidants are used. Comparing to other antioxidants, the synthetic antioxidants (phenolic) are more efficient. This study investigates the effects of commercially available and cheap synthetic antioxidants (TBHQ – tert-butylhydroxyquinone, PY – pyrogallol, PG – propyl gallate, BHT – butylated hydroxytoluene, and BHA – butylated hydroxyanisole) at 1000 ppm concentration on the fuel stability of Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel. The discrepancy in antioxidant activity has been characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by analyzing the O–H and C–H molecular chains prevalence in the infrared spectrum region of 3000–3700 cm−1 and 2800–3000 cm−1. TBHQ at 1000 ppm dosed with C. inophyllum biodiesel improves the oxidation stability by 42.56%, storage stability by 36.57%, and thermal stability by 41.02% when compared to those of pure biodiesel (B100) without any antioxidant. The rank of antioxidants effectiveness with pure biodiesel is obtained as TBHQ > PG > PY > BHT > BHA.
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