Fractional order sliding mode control based funnel control of wind turbine for maximum power point tracking

Abstract

This work presents a new hybrid controller Sliding mode control based Funnel control that improves the tracking performance and robustness of wind turbine systems. The key innovation is the introduction of a new sliding surface for Sliding Mode Control (SMC), designed using Funnel Control (FC) principles and PI ^μ controllers. To enhance precision and stability, the proposed ”Fractional-SMC-FC” controller is specifically designed to adddress external disturbances and system uncertainties commonly encountered during turbine operation. Comprehensive MATLAB simulations on a model wind turbine are used to assess the effectiveness of the controller, showing notable gains over traditional techniques. In terms of tracking accuracy, stability, and robustness, the hybrid method shows better performance than FC-PI, conventional SMC, FC with gain scaling, and Fractional SMC controllers. The outcomes highlight how well the hybrid controller can optimize wind energy capture while preserving system stability in a range of operating scenarios. The simulation results show that the proposed controller achieves a rise time of 1.8 s, a settling time below 3.2 s, and a relative tracking error under 1.1%. These values reflect improved transient response and tracking precision compared to conventional strategies, especially in the presence of wind disturbances.