A study of the acoustic resonance occurring and leading to surge in the 3½-stage high-speed compressor CREATE (rotation speed: 11543 r/min, rotor 1 tip speed: 313 m/s) is presented in this paper. It is based on high-frequency wall static pressure measurements performed all along the machine from peak efficiency to surge. In this paper, a model of acoustic resonance will be applied to the experimental results. The axial distribution of the amplitude of the acoustic modes is first analyzed. Then, a study of the reflections occurring in the machine will be done in order to understand the mechanisms responsible for the resonance.
Inoue M, Kuroumaru M, Yoshida S, et al. Effect of tip clearance on stall evolution process in a low-speed axial compressor stage. In: ASME Turbo Expo Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, 14--17 June 2004, paper no. GT2004-53354, vol. 5, pp.385–394. ASME.
2.
InoueMKuroumaruMTaninoT. Propagation of multiple short-length-scale stall cells in an axial compressor rotor. J Turbomach2000; 122: 45–54.
3.
InoueMKuroumaruMTaninoT. Comparative studies on short and long length-scale stall cell propagating in an axial compressor rotor. J Turbomach2001; 123: 24–30.
4.
MailachRLehmannIVogelerK. Rotating instabilities in an axial compressor originating from the fluctuating blade tip vortex. J Turbomach2001; 123: 453–453.
5.
MaürzJHahCNeiseW. An experimental and numerical investigation into the mechanisms of rotating instability. J Turbomach2002; 124: 367–367.
6.
HellmichBSeumeJR. Causes of acoustic resonance in a high-speed axial compressor. J Turbomach2008; 130: 031003–031003.
7.
Kameier F. Experimentelle untersuchungen strömungs erregter schaufelschwingungen bei axialverdichtern, FKZ: 1700599. Germany: Fachhochschule Düsseldorf, 2001.
8.
CampTR. A study of acoustic resonance in a low-speed multistage compressor. J Turbomach1999; 121: 36–43.
9.
ZiadaSOengörenAVogelA. Acoustic resonance in the inlet scroll of a turbo-compressor. J Fluids Struct2002; 16: 361–373.
10.
Courtiade N, Ottavy X and Gourdain N. Experimental investigation of rotating stall in a high speed multi-stage axial compressor. In: Proceedings of the 9th European turbomachinery conference, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011.
11.
Courtiade N and Ottavy X. Experimental study of surge precursors in a high-speed multistage compressor. In: Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo, Copenhagen, Denmark, 11--15 June 2012, paper no. GT2012-68321, vol. 8, pp.2417–2426. ASME.
12.
Hellmich B. Acoustic resonance in a high-speed axial compressor. PhD Thesis, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany. 2008.
13.
OttavyXCourtiadeNGourdainN. Experimental and computational methods for flow investigation in high-speed multistage compressor. J Propulsion Power2012; 28: 1141–1155.
14.
BulotNOttavyXTrebinjacI. Unsteady pressure measurements in a high-speed centrifugal compressor. J Therm Sci2010; 19: 34–41.
15.
Roger M. Duct acoustics and turbomachinery noise. Lecture at Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2008.
16.
Lohmann D. Zur Schallausbreitung in Zylinder-Kanälen Mit Helikalen Einbauten. DFVLR-FB 78-30, Germany, 1978.
17.
RienstraSW. Sound transmission in slowly varying circular and annular lined ducts with flow. J Fluid Mech1999; 380: 279–296.
18.
Ovenden NC, Eversman W and Rienstra SW. Cut-on cut-off transition in flow ducts: comparing multiplescales and finite-element solutions. In: Proceedings of the 10th AIAA/CEAS aeroacoustics conference, Manchester, UK, 2004, paper no. AIAA-2004-2945, vol. 23, pp.1–18.
19.
KajiSOkazakiT. Propagation of sound waves through a blade row: I. Analysis based on the semi-actuator disk theory. J Sound Vib1970; 11: 339–353.
20.
KochW. On the transmission of sound waves through a blade row. J Sound Vib1971; 18: 111–128.
21.
Courtiade N. Study of the unsteady flow in a high-speed multistage compressor. PhD Thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, France, 2012.
