Genitoanal Papillomavirus Infection: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Objectives in the Light of Current Epidemiological Observations

Abstract

During the past decade a wide span of heterogeneity has been demonstrated for human papillomaviruses (HPVs), and some basic properties of the HPV genome have been revealed. The use of hybridization assays for HPV DNA detection in infected epithelia, and the recent introduction of synthetic HPV peptides for detection of type-specific circulating antibodies, have resulted in a major rethinking of HPV epidemiology. Recent data indicate that various HPVs may be transmitted perinatally during early infancy and that a long latency with periodic reactivation seems to be quite common. The present review attempts to assess recent epidemiological data with the concept of genitoanal papillomavirus infection (GPVI) as a predominantly sexually transmitted disease. Some diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are outlined with a pragmatic approach to the clinical relevance of GPVI.