The experience gained during the development of a small turbojet engine simulation model is presented in this article. The calibration of an initial model has been proven inadequate for producing reasonable values for some performance parameters, such as the turbine efficiency. Data analysis procedures indicated that some measurements were not thermodynamically consistent. Model recalibration based on the use of static instead of total pressure measurements in the turbine exit has proven to be beneficial both for the prediction of the measured parameters and for producing reasonable values for the turbine efficiency. Data correction procedures were also implemented successfully in order to incorporate all the available measurements in the model.
LichtsinderM.LevyY.Jet engine model for control and real-time simulations. ASME J. Engng Gas Turb. Power, 2006, 128: 745–753.
2.
Davison, C. R. and Birk, A. M. Steady state and transient modeling of a micro-turbine with comparison to operating engine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2004, Paper no. GT2004-53378, Vienna, Austria, 14–17 June 2004, pp. 27–35.
3.
RahmanN. U.WhidborneJ. F.A numerical investigation into the effect of engine bleed on performance of a single-spool turbojet engine. Proc. IMechE, Part G: J. Aerospace Engineering, 2008, 222: 939–949.
4.
SchobeiriM.Turbomachinery flow physics and dynamic performance,, Berlin: Springer, 2005.
5.
DeamR. T.LemmaE.MaceB.CollinsR.On scaling down turbines to millimeter size. ASME J. Engng Gas Turb. Power, 2008, 130: 052301–052301.
6.
GonzalezC. A.WongK. C.ArmfiedS.Computational study of a micro-turbine engine combustor using large eddy simulation and Reynolds averaged turbulence models. ANZIAM J., 2008, 49: C407–C422.
7.
Lechner, C. and Bothien, M. R. Measurement of the inlet gas temperature of a gas turbine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2005, Paper no. GT2005-68138, Reno, Nevada, USA, 6–9 June 2005, pp. 507–515.
8.
Barringer, M. D., Thole, K. A., Polamka, M. D., Clark, J. P., and Koch, P. J. Migration of combustor exit profiles through high pressure turbine vanes. In ASME Turbo Expo 2007, Paper no. GT2007-27157, Montreal, Canada, 14–17 May 2007, pp. 1335–1346.
9.
Pau, M., Congiu, F., Cambuli, F., and Mandas, N. Numerical investigation of the flow in a two-stage axial test-turbine with open and closed cavities. In 7th European Conference on Turbomachinery fluid dynamics and thermodynamics, Athens, Greece, March 2007, pp. 1131–1143.
10.
Davison, C. R. and Birk, A. M. Set up and operational experience with a micro-turbine engine for research and education. In ASME Turbo Expo 2004, Paper no. GT2004-53377, Vienna, Austria, 14–17 June 2004, pp. 849–858.
11.
Gerendas, M. and Pfister, R. Development of a very small aero-engine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2000, Paper no. 2000-GT-0536, Munich, Germany, 8–11 May 2000.
12.
Mathioudakis, K. and Argyropoulos, P. Design and development of a small jet engine test cell. In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, Paper no. GT2003-38315, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 16–19 June 2003, pp. 749–758.
13.
Perez-Blanco, H. Activities around the SR-30 minilab at PSU. In Proceedings of the 2003 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition, Nashville, Tennessee, June 2003.
14.
Chiang, H. -W. D., Hsu, C. -N., Lai, A., and Lin, R. An investigation of steady and dynamic performance of a small turbojet engine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2002, Paper no. GT2002-30577, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3–6 June 2002, pp. 1097–1104.
15.
StamatisA.MathioudakisK.PapailiouK. D.Adaptive simulation of gas turbine performance. ASME J. Engng Gas Turb. Power, 1990, 112: 168–175.
16.
RegtienP.van der HeijdenF.KorstenM. J.OtthiusW.Measurement science for engineers, 2004. (Kogan Page Science, London).
17.
GulenS. C.RaubW. S.A simple mathematical approach to data reconciliation in a single-shaft combined cycle system. ASME J. Engng Gas Turb. Power, 2009, 131: 021601–0216019.
18.
GanguliR.Noise and outlier removal from jet engine health signals using weighted FIR median hybrid filters. Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 2002, 16: 967–978.
19.
Bakalis, D. P. and Stamatis, A. G. Extended instrumentation and model calibration for a small micro-turbine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2010, Paper no. GT2010-22837, Glasgow, UK, 14–18 June 2010, pp. 711–719.
20.
Grey, Jr. R. E. and Wilstead, H. D. Performance of conical jet nozzles in terms of flow and velocity coefficients. NACA Report 933, 1949.
21.
Müller, N. and Akbari, P. Performance investigation of small gas turbine engines topped with wave rotors. In 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Paper no. AIAA 2003-4414, Huntsville, Alabama, 20–23 July 2003, pp. 1–11.
22.
Pourmovahed, A., Jeruzal, C. M., and Brinker, K. D. Development of a jet engine experiment for the energy systems laboratory. In Proceedings of IMECE’03, Paper no. IMECE2003-43638, Washington, DC, 15–21 November 2003.
23.
Kefalakis, M., Papailiou, K., and Mavrakis, S. A method for measuring turbine efficiency under strong heat transfer. In 8th European Turbomachinery Conference, Graz, Austria, 23–27 March 2009, pp. 1257–1265.
24.
Kurzke, J. Correlations hidden in compressor maps. In ASME Turbo Expo 2011, Paper no. GT2011-45519, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 6–10 June 2011.
Bohn, E., Kusterer, K., Surken, N., and Kreitmeier, F. Influence of endwall contouring in axial gaps on the flow field in a four-stage turbine. In ASME Turbo Expo 2000, Paper no. 2000-GT-472, Munich, Germany, 8–11 May 2000.
27.
Gier, J., Ardey, S., Eymann, S., Reinmoller, U., and Niehuis, R. Improving 3D flow characteristics in a multistage LP turbine by means of endwall contouring and airfoil design modification: Part 2 - Numerical simulation and analysis. In ASME Turbo Expo 2002, Paper no. GT2002-30353, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3–6 June 2002, pp. 261–271.
28.
Jackson, A. J. B., Laskaridis, P., and Pilidis, P. A test bed for small aero gas turbines for education and for university - Industry collaboration. In ASME Turbo Expo 2004, Paper no. GT2004-54334, Vienna, Austria, 14–17 June 2004, pp. 901–909.
