Beam structures are widely used in industrial applications such as automobiles, aircraft, naval architecture, trains, and buildings. The vibration characteristics of beams are inherent phenomenon and directly affect usage comfort and service life, but more dangerously may damage the structure due to excessive vibrations that are transmitted through the surrounding structure of the system. Vibration reduction of beam structures is a continuous challenge for industrial applications. It is important to reduce vibrations of the beam structures for stability. In this study, experimental research on vibration reduction characteristics of adhesively bonded beam structures with Acoustic Black Hole technique is presented. The Acoustic Black Hole, which is a geometry, tapered with a power-law profile enables vibration reduction by decreasing the velocity and the wavelength of vibration. The inherent natural vibration properties called modal parameters such as the natural frequencies, damping, and mode shapes of the beam structure with and without damping layer using power-law profile having various the Acoustic Black Hole length and exponent values were investigated and evaluated with experimental modal analysis. For validation, natural frequencies are determined numerically by the finite element method, and then compared with results obtained by the experimental modal analysis. The overall results indicated that the Acoustic Black Hole has ability to significantly suppress the vibration level and showed the capability of enhancing the damping efficiency when using the damping layer attached to the Acoustic Black Hole length of the beam structure.
XueQLiuCXieS, et al.Active vibration control of flexible thin-walled beam using multi-layer planar dielectric elastomer actuator. J Vib Control2023; 29: 2854–2867.
2.
El-SinawiAH. Vibration attenuation of a flexible beam mounted on a rotating compliant hub. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part I2004; 218: 121–135.
3.
ZiHLiY. Low-frequency broadband vibration attenuation of sandwich plate-type metastructures with periodic thin-wall tube cores. J Low Freq Noise Vib Active Control2022; 41: 330–339.
4.
SyedMBishayPL. Analysis and design of periodic beams for vibration attenuation. J Vib Control2019; 25: 228–240.
5.
PatilSSAwasarePJ. Vibration reduction at desired locations on a beam by creating nodes using tunable vibration neutralizers. J Vib Control2016; 22: 205–223.
6.
ZhangTLiH. Adaptive modal vibration control for smart flexible beam with two piezoelectric actuators by multivariable self-tuning control. J Vib Control2020; 26: 490–504.
7.
XiCZhuXZhengH. A corrugated-core sandwich beam with local resonators for low-frequency broadband elastic wave attenuation. J Vib Control2022; 28: 3482–3494.
8.
HizarciBKiralZ. Experimental investigation of vibration attenuation on a cantilever beam using air-jet pulses with the particle swarm optimized quasi bang–bang controller. J Vib Control2022; 28: 58–71.
9.
BarzegariMFadaeeM. A metastructure conceptual model of cantilever beam for transverse vibration attenuation. J Vib Control2023; 29(23–24): 5318–5330.
10.
WangLWuYLiuZ. Theoretical analysis on the adaptive vibration attenuation of a fixed-fixed beam realized by a piezo-shape memory alloy ferrule. J Intell Mater Syst Struct2019; 30: 2079–2090.
11.
DasSDwivediKGeetha RajasekharanS, et al.Vibration attenuation and bandgap characteristics in plates with periodic cavities. JVC/Journal of Vibration and Control2021; 27: 827–838.
12.
CuiMLiuHJiangHZhengYWangXLiuW. Active vibration optimal control of piezoelectric cantilever beam with uncertainties. Measurement Control. 2022; 55(5–6): 359–369.
13.
Abdul SatarMHMuradAFAhmad MazlanAZ. Characterization of piezoelectric patch material with hysteresis, saturation, creep, and vibration nonlinearity effects and its application to the active vibration suppression for cantilever beam. J Vib Control2022; 28: 476–489.
14.
SuJLeiZHuaH. Axial-bending coupling vibration of mass eccentric double-beam system with discrete elastic connections. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part M2017; 231: 555–568.
15.
ChenRWuT. Vibration reduction in a periodic truss beam carrying locally resonant oscillators. J Vib Control2016; 22: 270–285.
16.
MaCZhangXXieS, et al.Active linear quadratic Gaussian control of the vibration of a flexible beam with a time-varying mass. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part I2015; 229: 475–484.
17.
AkumallaRKKallannavarVKattimaniS. Vibration control of laminated composite cantilever beam operating in elevated thermal environments using fuzzy logic controller. Noise Vib Worldwide2022; 53: 261–273.
18.
AlthamerS. Metamaterial beam with dual-action absorbers for tunable and multi-band vibration absorption. J. Intell. Mater. Syst Struct2023; 34(19): 2257–2267.
19.
WeiKMengGZhangW, et al.Vibration characteristics of rotating sandwich beams filled with electrorheological fluids. J Intell Mater Syst Struct2007; 18: 1165–1173.
20.
YanBZhangXNiuH. Vibration isolation of a beam via negative resistance electromagnetic shunt dampers. J Intell Mater Syst Struct2012; 23: 665–673.
21.
OktayT. Output variance constrained bending control of rotating Euler–Bernoulli beam. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part E2015; 231: 202–211.
22.
MoghaddamJJBagheriA. Suppressing vibration in a functionally graded material plate using genetic algorithm particle swarm optimization and sliding mode control system. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part E2014; 230: 120–133.
23.
KemiklioğluUOkutan BabaB. Vibration effects on tensile properties of adhesively bonded single lap joints in composite materials. Polym Compos2019; 40: 1258–1267.
24.
PangJDuYWuK, et al.Fatigue analysis of adhesive joints under vibration loading. J Adhes2013; 89: 899–920.
25.
DuYShiL. Effect of vibration fatigue on modal properties of single lap adhesive joints. Int J Adhes Adhes2014; 53: 72–79.
26.
MironovMA. Propagation of a flexural wave in a plate whose thickness decreases smoothly to zero in a finite interval. Soviet Phys Acoustics-Ussr1988; 34: 318–319.
27.
KrylovVShuvalovAL. Propagation of localised flexural vibrations along plate edges described by a power law. Proc. IOA2000; 22: 263–270.
28.
KrylovVBowyerEP. Acoustic black holes: a new approach to vibration damping in light-weight structures. Proc IOA2013; 35: 184–191.
29.
KrylovVVTilmanFJBS. Acoustic ‘black holes’ for flexural waves as effective vibration dampers. J Sound Vib2004; 274: 605–619.
30.
KrylovV. Propagation of plate bending waves in the vicinity of one- and two-dimensional acoustic ‘black holes’. 2007. Epub ahead of print 13 June 2007. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4425.6484.
31.
O’BoyDJKrylovVVKralovicV. Damping of flexural vibrations in rectangular plates using the acoustic black hole effect. J Sound Vib2010; 329: 4672–4688.
32.
KrylovV. Acoustic black holes and their applications for vibration damping and sound absorption. 2012.
33.
BowyerEPKrylovVV. Experimental investigation of damping flexural vibrations in glass fibre composite plates containing one- and two-dimensional acoustic black holes. Compos Struct2014; 107: 406–415.
34.
KrylovV. Acoustic black holes: recent developments in the theory and applications. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control2014; 61: 1296–1306.
35.
JiHHanBInmanD. Frequency attenuation band with low vibration transmission in a finite-size plate strip embedded with 2D acoustic black holes. Mech Syst Signal Process2022; 163: 108149.
36.
GaoNGuoXDengJ, et al.Elastic wave modulation of double-leaf ABH beam embedded mass oscillator. Appl Acoust2021; 173: 107694.
37.
PelatAGautierFConlonSC, et al.The acoustic black hole: a review of theory and applications. J Sound Vib2020; 476. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115316.
38.
MaLChengL. Numerical and experimental benchmark solutions on vibration and sound radiation of an acoustic black hole plate. Appl Acoust2020; 163: 107223.
39.
LiHTouzéCGautierF, et al.Linear and nonlinear dynamics of a plate with acoustic black hole, geometric and contact nonlinearity for vibration mitigation. J Sound Vib2021; 508: 116206.
40.
BowyerEPO’BoyDJKrylovVV, et al.Effect of geometrical and material imperfections on damping flexural vibrations in plates with attached wedges of power law profile. Appl Acoust2012; 73: 514–523.
41.
GeorgievVBCuencaJGautierF, et al.Damping of structural vibrations in beams and elliptical plates using the acoustic black hole effect. J Sound Vib2011; 330: 2497–2508.
42.
BowyerEPO’BoyDJKrylovVV, et al.Experimental investigation of damping flexural vibrations in plates containing tapered indentations of power-law profile. Appl Acoust2013; 74: 553–560.
43.
HuangWJiH. Wave energy focalization in a plate with imperfect two-dimensional acoustic black hole indentation. J Vib Acoust2016; 138. DOI: 10.1115/1.4034080.
44.
DenisVPelatAGautierF. Scattering effects induced by imperfections on an acoustic black hole placed at a structural waveguide termination. J Sound Vib2016; 362: 56–71.
45.
KimSYLeeD. Numerical simulation of characteristics of wave propagation and reflection coefficient in a helix-acoustic black hole. J Vib Control2022; 28: 615–625.
46.
BaoYLiuXShanY. Convergence performance of flexural wave in the unconventional acoustic black hole. Math Mech Solids2023; 28: 1382–1400.
47.
LiXDingQ. Analysis on vibration energy concentration of the one-dimensional wedge-shaped acoustic black hole structure. J Intell Mater Syst Struct2018; 29: 2137–2148.
48.
LiangXLiangHChuJ, et al.A composite acoustic black hole for ultra-low-frequency and ultra-broad-band sound wave control. J Vib Control2023. DOI: 10.1177/10775463231194702.
49.
AnacletoMABritoFAPassosE. Hawking radiation and stability of the canonical acoustic black holes. Ann Phys (N Y)2023; 455. DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2023.169364.
50.
ČervenkaMBednaříkM. Numerical study of the behavior of rectangular acoustic black holes for sound absorption in air. Wave Motion2023; 123: 103230.
51.
KimSYLeeD. Experimental investigation of a modular helix-acoustic black hole. Appl Acoust2023; 214. DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2023.109661.
52.
WeimannTMolterAFernandezL, et al.Structural vibration control based on the effect of acoustic black holes and piezoelectric actuators. Finite Elem Anal Des2023; 224. DOI: 10.1016/j.finel.2023.103992.
53.
QuaegebeurSRazeGChengL, et al.A virtual acoustic black hole on a cantilever beam. J Sound Vib2023; 554. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117697.
54.
BaoYYaoZZhangY, et al.Ultra-broadband gaps of a triple-gradient phononic acoustic black hole beam. Int J Mech Sci2023: 108888.
55.
ToshmatovBMavlyanovKAbdulazizovB, et al.Quasinormal modes of acoustic black hole. Ann Phys (N Y)2023; 458: 169450.
56.
PekerisC. Theory of propagation of sound in a half-space of variable sound velocity under conditions of formation of a shadow zone. J Acoust Soc Am1946; 18: 295–315.
57.
ZhaoCPrasadMG. Acoustic black holes in structural design for vibration and noise control. Acoustics2019; 1: 220–251.
58.
ChongBMPTanLBLimKM, et al.A review on Acoustic Black-Holes (ABH) and the experimental and numerical study of ABH-featured 3d printed beams. 2017. Epub ahead of print 2017. DOI: 10.1142/S1758825117500788.
59.
ConlonSFahnlineJSemperlottiF. Numerical analysis of the vibroacoustic properties of plates with embedded grids of acoustic black holes. J Acoust Soc Am2015; 137: 447.
