Use of artificial roughness in the duct of solar air heater (SAH) has been an interesting area of research during the last few decades. In present review article a holistic view about application of circular shape wire ribs as roughness element and its different geometry on the absorber plate of SAH duct for performance enhancement has been done. This article, reported in details numerous experimental as well as analytical studies for rib roughened SAHs which have been carried out by different researchers positively. Correlations for heat transfer and friction factor, developed by various investigators for different artificially roughened solar air heaters (SAHs) geometry have been reported in chronological order and in well tabulated form. The roughness and operating parameters into which investigators have obtained their maximum performances of SAHs have also been presented separately in the table. Effects of various rib roughness parameters on heat transfer and fluid flow process are also discussed in details.
SahuMKPrasadRK.A review of the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of solar air heater with roughened absorber plates. J Enh Heat Transf2016;
23: 47–89.
6.
SahuMKSharmaMMatheswaranMM, et al.
On the use of various configurations of fins to enhance the performance in rectangular duct of solar air heaters—a review. J Sol Energy Eng2019;
141: 1–16.
7.
ChamoliSChauhanRThakurNS, et al.
A review of the performance of double pass solar air heater. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev2012;
16: 481–492.
8.
AlamTKimM-H.Performance improvement of double-pass solar air heater – a state of art of review. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev2017;
79: 779–793.
9.
PrasadBNSainiJS.Effect of artificial roughness on heat transfer and friction factor in a solar air heater. Sol Energy1988;
41: 555–560.
10.
GuptaDSolankiSCSainiJS.Heat and fluid flow in rectangular solar air heater ducts having transverse rib roughness on absorber plates. Sol Energy1993;
51: 31–37.
11.
VermaSKPrasadBN.Investigation for the optimal thermohydraulic performance of artificially roughened solar air heaters. Renewable Energy2000;
20: 19–36.
12.
SahuMMBhagoriaJL.Augmentation of heat transfer coefficient by using 90° broken transverse ribs on absorber plate of solar air heater. Renewable Energy2005;
30: 2057–2063.
13.
GuptaDSolankiSCSainiJS.Thermohydraulic performance of solar air heaters with roughened absorber plates. Sol Energy1997;
61: 33–42.
14.
Varun GSainiRPSingalSK.Investigation of thermal performance of solar air heater having roughness elements as a combination of inclined and transverse ribs on absorber plate. Renewable Energy2008;
33: 1398–1405.
15.
AharwalKRGandhiBKSainiJS.Experimental investigation on heat-transfer enhancement due to a gap in an inclined continuous rib arrangement in a rectangular duct of solar air heater. Renewable Energy2008;
33: 585–596.
16.
SainiSKSainiRP.Development of correlations for nusselt number and friction factor for solar air heater with roughened duct having arc-shaped wire as artificial roughness. Solar Energy2008;
82: 1118–1130.
17.
HansVSGillRSSinghS.Heat transfer and friction factor correlations for a solar air heater duct roughened artificially with broken arc ribs. Exp Therm Fluid Sci2017;
80: 77–89.
18.
GillRSHansVSSinghS.Investigations on thermo-hydraulic performance of broken arc rib in a rectangular duct of solar air heater. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer2017;
88: 20–27.
19.
SinghAPVarunS.Effect of artificial roughness on heat transfer and friction characteristics having multiple arc shaped roughness element on the absorber plate. Sol Energy2014;
105: 479–493.
20.
PandeyNKBajpaiVKVarunG.Experimental investigation of heat transfer augmentation using multiple arcs with gap on absorber plate of solar air heater. Sol Energy2016;
134: 314–326.
21.
KumarKPrajapatiDSamirS.Heat transfer and friction factor correlations development for solar air heater duct artificially roughened with ‘S’ shape ribs. Exp Therm Fluid Sci2017;
82: 249–261.
22.
MominAMESainiJSSolankiSC.Heat transfer and friction in solar air heater duct with v-shaped rib roughness on absorber plate. Int J Heat Mass Transfer2002;
45: 3383–3396.
23.
HansVSSainiRPSainiJS.Heat transfer and friction factor correlations for a solar air heater duct roughened artificially with multiple V-ribs. Sol Energy2010;
84: 898–911.
24.
KumarASainiRPSainiJS.Development of correlations for nusselt number and friction factor for solar air heater with roughened duct having multi v-shaped with gap rib as artificial roughness. Renewable Energy2013;
58: 151–163.
25.
SinghSChanderSSainiJS.Thermo-hydraulic performance due to relative roughness pitch in V-down rib with gap in solar air heater duct – comparison with similar rib roughness geometries. Renew Sustain Energy Rev2015;
43: 1159–1166.
26.
PatilAKSainiJSKumarK.Effect of gap position in broken V-rib roughness combined with staggered rib on thermohydraulic performance of solar air heater. Green2011;
1: 329–338.
27.
MaithaniRSainiJS.Heat transfer and fluid flow behaviour of a rectangular duct roughened with V- Ribs with symmetrical gaps. Int J Ambient Energy2017;
38: 347–355.
28.
DeoNSChanderSSainiJS.Performance analysis of solar air heater duct roughened with multi gap V-down ribs combined with staggered ribs. Renew Energy2016;
91: 484–500.
29.
LanjewarABhagoriaJLSarviyaRM.Experimental study of augmented heat transfer and friction in solar air heater with different orientations of W-Rib roughness. Exp Thermal Fluid Sci2011;
35: 986–995.
30.
KumarABhagoriaJLSarviyaRM. Heat transfer enhancement in channel of solar air collector by using discrete w-shaped artificial roughened absorber. In: 19th National and 8th ISHMT-ASME Heat and Mass Transfer Conference, 4-6 January 4-6, JNTU Hyderabad.
31.
PrasadBNKumarASinghKDP.Optimization of thermo hydraulic performance in three sides artificially roughened solar air heaters. Sol Energy2015;
111: 313–319.
32.
HottelHCWoertzBB.Evaluation of flat-plate solar heat collector. Trans ASME1942;
64.
33.
BlissW.The derivations of several plate efficiency factors useful in the design of flat plate solar heat collectors. Sol Energy1959;
3: 55–64.
34.
WebbRLEckertERG.Application of rough surface to heat exchanger design. Int J Heat Mass Transfer1972;
15: 1647–1658.
35.
LewisMJ.Optimizing the thermohydraulic performance of rough surfaces. Int J Heat Mass Transfer1975;
18: 1243–1248.
36.
CortesAPiacentiniR.Improvement of efficiency of a bare solar collector by means of turbulence promoters. Appl Energy1990;
36: 253–261.
37.
GargHPMalhotraAPatilA.Heat loss calculation of flat plate solar collectors. J Therm Eng1981:
2: 59–62.
38.
KleinSA.Calculation of flat plate collector loss coefficients. Sol Energy1975;
17: 79–80.
39.
RohsenowWMHartnettJPChoYI (eds). Handbook of heat transfer.
New York, NY:
McGraw Hill, 1998.
40.
BhattiMSShahRK.Turbulent flow convective heat transfer. In: KakacSSashRKAungW (eds) Handbook of single phase convective heat transfer.
New York, NY:
John Willey & Sons, 1987.
41.
HillJEKusudaT. National Bureau of Standards Interim Report NBSIR 74-635 to NSF/ERDA. Proposed standard method of testing for rating solar collectors based on thermal performance, National Bureau of Standards Interim Report, Washington, DC, 1974.
42.
ASHRAE Standard 93-97.Method of testing to determine the thermal performance of solar collector. New York, NY: ASHRAE,1977.
43.
BiondiPCicalaFLFarinaG.Performance analysis of solar air heaters of conventional design. Solar Energy1988;
41: 101–107.
44.
ASHRAE Standard93.Method of testing to determine the thermal performance of solar collectors.
Atlanta, GA:
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and AirConditioningEngineers, 2003.
45.
SahuMK, MatheswaranMMBishnoiP. Experimental study of thermal performance and pressure drop on a solar air heater with different orientations of roughness. J Therm Anal Calorim. Epub ahead of print 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-020-09569-z.
46.
AharwalKRBhupendraKGandhiJS, et al.
Heat transfer and friction characteristics of solar air heater ducts having integral inclined discrete ribs on absorber plate. Int J Heat Mass Transfer2009;
52: 5970–5977.
47.
VelmuruganPKalaivananR.Energy and exergy analysis of solar air heaters with varied geometries. Arab J Sci Eng2015;
40: 1173–1186.
48.
SinghISinghS.A review of artificial roughness geometries employed in solar air heaters. Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev2018;
92: 405–425.
49.
HottelHCWhillierW. Evaluation of flat plate solar collector performance. In: Proceedings of the trans. conf. use of solar energy thermal processes, Tuscon, AZ, 1955.
50.
NikuradseJ.Law of flow in rough pipes. Technical Memorandum, no. 1292. Washington, DC: National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, 1950.
51.
PrasadKMullickSC.Heat transfer characteristics of a solar air heater used for drying purposes. Appl Energy1983;
13: 83–93.
52.
PrasadBN.Thermal performance of artificially roughened solar air heaters. Sol Energy2013;
91: 59–67.
53.
PrasadBNArunKBehura, et al.
Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis for heat transfer enhancement in three sided artificially roughened solar air heater. Sol Energy2014;
105: 27–35.
54.
BehuraAKPrasadBNPrasadL.Heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance of three sides artificially roughened solar air heaters. Sol Energy2016;
130: 46–59.
55.
SahuMKPrasadRK.Thermohydraulic performance analysis of an arc shape wire roughened solar air heater. Renewable Energy2017;
108: 598–614.
56.
SahuMKPrasadRK.Exergy based performance evaluation of solar air heater with arc-shaped wire roughened absorber plate. Renewable Energy2016;
96: 233–243.
57.
SahuMKPrasadRK.Entropy generation and thermodynamic analysis of solar air heaters with artificial roughness on absorber plate. Arch Thermodyn2017;
38: 23–48.
58.
SahuMKPrasadRK.Second law optimization and parametric study of a solar air heater having artificially roughened absorber plate. Arch Thermodyn2019;
40: 107–135.
59.
SahuMKPrasadRK.Investigation on optimal thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater having arc shaped wire rib roughness on absorber plate. Int J Thermodyn2016;
19: 214–224.
60.
GhritlahreHKSahuPKChandS.Thermal performance and heat transfer analysis of arc shaped roughened solar air heater – an experimental study. Sol Energy2020;
199: 173–182.
61.
JainSKAgrawalGDMisraR. Heat transfer augmentation using multiple gaps in Arc-Shaped ribs roughened solar air heater: an experimental study. Energy Sources Part A 2019. Epub ahead of print. DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2019.1607945.
62.
JainSKAgrawalGDMisraR.Experimental investigation of thermohydraulic performance of the solar air heater having arc-shaped ribs with multiple gaps. J Thermal Sci Engg Appl2020;
12: 011014.
63.
JainSKMisraRAgrawalGD.Effect of gap width on thermal performance of solar air heater having arc-shaped ribs with symmetrical gaps: an experimental investigation. Environ Dev Sustain2020;
22: 6563–6583.
64.
SinghAPVarunGSiddhartha.
Heat transfer and friction factor correlations for multiple arc shape roughness elements on the absorber plate used in solar air heaters. Exp Therm Fluid Sci2014;
54: 117–126.
65.
SinghSChanderSSainiJS.Heat transfer and friction factor correlations of solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with discrete V-down ribs. Energy2011;
36: 5053–5064.
66.
SinghSChanderSSainiJS.Investigations on thermo-hydraulic performance due to flow-attack-angle in V-down rib with gap in a rectangular duct of solar air heater. Appl Energy2012;
97: 907–912.
67.
PatilAKSainiJSKumarK.Heat transfer and friction characteristics of solar air heater duct roughened by broken V-shape ribs combined with staggered rib piece. J Renewable Sustainable Energy2012;
4: 013115.
68.
PatilAKSainiJSKumarK.Nusselt number and friction factor correlations for solar air heater duct with broken V-down ribs combined with staggered rib roughness. J Renewable Sustainable Energy2012;
4: 033122.
69.
MaithaniRSainiJS.Heat transfer and friction correlations for a solar air heater duct roughened artificially with V-ribs with symmetrical gaps. Exp Thermal Fluid Sci2016;
70: 220–227.
70.
PatelSSLanjewarA.Experimental analysis for augmentation of heat transfer in multiple discrete V-patterns combined with staggered ribs solar air heater. Renew Energy Focus2018;
25: 31–39.
71.
PatelSSLanjewarA.Performance study of solar air heater duct with gap in V-rib with symmetrical gap and staggered ribs. Heat Mass Transf2019;
55: 2517–2532.
72.
PatelSSLanjewarA.Experimental and numerical investigation of solar air heater with novel V- rib geometry. J Energy Storage2019;
21: 750–764.
73.
JainPKLanjewarA.Overview of V-Rib geometries in solar air heater and performance evaluation of a new V-Rib geometry. Renewable Energy2019;
133: 77–90.
74.
KumarASainiRPSainiJS.Effect of roughness width ratio in discrete multi v-shaped rib roughness on thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air heater. Heat Mass Transfer2015;
51: 209–220.
75.
Navneet Kumar PandeyVK.Bajpai and Varun Heat transfer and friction factor study of a solar air heater having multiple arcs with Gap-Shaped roughness element on absorber plate. Arab J Sci Eng2016;
41: 4517–4530.
76.
WangDLiuJLiuY, et al.
Evaluation of the performance of an improved solar air heater with “S” shaped ribs with gap. Sol Energy2020;
195: 89–101.
77.
SahuMK. Thermohydraulic Performance of Solar Air Heater with Arc-Shaped Wire Roughened Absorber Plates. Ph.D. Thesis 2017. NIT, Jamshedpur, India.
78.
LanjewarABhagoriaJLSarviyaRM.Experimental study of augmented heat transfer and friction in solar air heater with different orientations of W-Rib roughness. Exp Therm Fluid Sci2011;
35: 986–995.
79.
ThakurSThakurNS. Investigational analysis of roughened solar air heater channel having W-shaped ribs with symmetrical gaps along with staggered ribs. Energy Sources Part A. Epub ahead of print 2019. DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2019.1675815.
80.
ThakurSThakurNS.Impact of multi-staggered rib parameters of the‘W’ shaped roughness on the performance of a solar air heater channel. Energy Sources, Part A. Epub ahead of print 2020. DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2020.1764672.
81.
GabhaneMKKanase-PatilAB.Experimental analysis of double flow solar air heater with multiple C shape roughness. Sol Energy2017;
155: 1411–1416.
82.
YadavKDPrasadRK.Performance analysis of parallel flow flat plate solar air heater having arc shaped wire roughened absorber plate. Renewable Energy Focus2020;
32: 23–44.
83.
KumarASainiRPSainiJS.Experimental investigation on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of air flow in a rectangular duct with multi v-shaped rib with gap roughness on the heated plate. Sol Energy2012;
86: 1733–1749.
84.
RaviRKSainiRP.Experimental investigation on performance of a double pass artificial roughened solar air heater duct having roughness elements of the combination of discrete multi v shaped and staggered ribs. Energy2016;
116: 507–516.
85.
RaviRKSainiRP.Effect of roughness elements on thermal and thermo-hydraulic performance of double pass solar air heater duct having discrete multi V shaped and staggered rib roughness on both sides of the absorber plate. Exp Heat Transfer2018;
31: 47–67.
86.
RaviRKSainiRP.Nusselt number and friction factor correlations for forced convective type counter flow solar air heater having discrete multi V shaped and staggered rib roughness on both sides of the absorber plate. Appl Therm Eng2018;
129: 735–746.
87.
SharmaABharadwajGVarunHeat transfer and friction factor correlation development for double pass solar air heater having V-shaped ribs as roughness elements. Experimental Heat Transfer2016;
30: 77–90.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
