The Co-deposition of TiO2 particles (anatase type) of 200–300 nm with Ni-P electroless coatings on low carbon steel. The coated specimen was annealed by microwave and common electric furnace. The effects of microwave and furnace annealing temperatures on these coatings were characterized via. XRD, SEM, EDAX, and the corrosion performance was characterized through electrochemical polarization technique. The corrosion medium used for this work was sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and which contains 3.5 wt-% in distilled water. The result showed that, the microwave annealing method was enhanced the corrosion performance of the coating by diffused TiO2 particle into the matrix and reduced the micro voids presented in the matrix. Further, the corrosion mechanisms of the non-treated and the annealed coated materials have been explained in the consideration of crystallization, transformation of phases, grain size, and micro strain.
SahayarajMEJappesJTWSivaI, et al. A comparative corrosion study of electroless Ni-P coatings treated by microwave and conventional furnace annealing. Corros Rev2014; 32(1-2): 43–49.
2.
ZhangJSongZYuG, et al. Corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P/Ni-B coating on magnesium alloy AZ91D in NaCl environment. Int J Electrochem Sci2016; 11: 10053–10066.
3.
SahayarajMEJappesJTWSivaI. Effect of heat treatment temperature on the corrosion performance of electroless Ni–P/Ni–P–TiO2 deposits on carbon steel. J Adv Microsc Res2014; 9(1): 16–21.
4.
SahayarajMEJappesJTWSivaI, et al. Investigation on corrosion performance of multilayer Ni-P/TiO2 composite coating on steel. Sci Eng Compos Mater2014; 23(3): 309–314.
5.
LiCWangYPanZ. Wear resistance enhancement of electroless nanocomposite coatings via incorporation of alumina nanoparticles prepared by milling. Mater Des2013; 47: 443–448.
6.
Gholizadeh-GheshlaghiMSeifzadehDShoghiP, et al. Electroless Ni-P/nano-WO3 coating and its mechanical and corrosion protection properties. J Alloys Comp2018; 769: 149–160.
RajabalizadehZSeifzadehDKhodayariA, et al. Corrosion protection and mechanical properties of the electroless Ni-P-MOF nanocomposite coating on AM60B magnesium alloy. J Magnes Alloys2022; 10(8): 2280–2295.
NovaovicJVassiliouPGeorgizaE. Electrocatalytic properties of electroless NiP-RuO2/ TiO2 composite coatings. Int J Electrochem Sci2013; 8: 3615–3627.
11.
RanganathaSVenkateshaTVVathsalaK. Development of electroless Ni–Zn–P/nano-TiO2 composite coatings and their properties. Appl Surf Sci2010; 256(24): 7377–7383.
12.
BuchtíkMKrystýnováMMásilkoJ, et al. The effect of heat treatment on properties of Ni–P coatings deposited on a AZ91 magnesium alloy. Coatings2019; 9(7): 461–470.
13.
HiraryMRamelanA. The heat treatment effect of nickel-coated steel plate substrate by electroless plating on hardness test. Int J Eng Technol2018; 7(4.33): 201–203.
14.
LiuHGuoRXLiuY, et al. The effect of processing gas on corrosion performance of electroless Ni-W-P coatings treated by laser. Surf Coat Technol2012; 206(15): 3350–3359.
15.
RabizadehTAllahkaramSRZarebidakiA. An investigation on effects of heat treatment on corrosion properties of Ni–P electroless nano-coatings. Mater Des2010; 31(7): 3174–3179.
16.
LiuHGuoRXViejoF, et al. Comparison of microstructure and residual stress characteristics of electroless Ni–W–P coatings annealed with a laser and a furnace. Surf Coat Technol2012; 206(8-9): 2380–2387.
17.
HashemiSHShoja-RazaviR. Laser surface heat treatment of electroless Ni–P–SiC coating on Al356 alloy. Opt Laser Technol2016; 85: 1–6.
18.
HartJNMenziesDChengYB, et al. A comparison of microwave and conventional heat treatments of nanocrystalline TiO2. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells2007; 91(1): 6–16.
19.
DasSMukhopadhyayAKDattaS, et al. Evaluation of microwave processed glass–ceramic coating on nimonic superalloy substrate. Ceram Int2010; 36: 1125–1130.
20.
LoganathanDGnanavelbabuARajkumarK, et al. Effect of microwave heat treatment on mechanical properties of AA6061 sheet metal. Procedia Eng2014; 97: 1692–1697.
21.
PerumallaSKMuniyappaASivanandamA. Applications of microwave heat treatment process to enhance the surface properties of bronze and steel materials used in journal bearing. Proc IMechE, Part C: J Mechanical Engineering Science2020; 234: 2064–2076.
22.
LeonSJJappesJTWSahayarajME. Corrosion performance of annealed electroless Ni-B-ZrSiO4 coatings on mild steel. J Adv Res Dyn Control Syst2018; 10(3): 1–6.
23.
John LeonSWinowlin JappesJTEdwin SahayarajM. Corrosion performance of annealed electroless Ni-B coatings on mild steel. Int J Veh Struct Syst2022; 14(3): 319–322.
24.
BalarajuJNNarayananTSNSSeshadriSK. Structure and phase transformation behaviour of electroless Ni–P composite coatings. Mater Res Bull2006; 41(4): 847–860.
25.
RabizadehTAllahkaramSR. Corrosion resistance enhancement of Ni–P electroless coatings by incorporation of nano-SiO2 particles. Mater Des2011; 32(1): 133–138.
26.
DwivediDLepkováKBeckerT. Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods. RSC Adv2017; 7: 4580–4610.
27.
John LeonSWinowlin JappesJEdwin SahayarajM, Comparison of electroless Ni-P/ Ni-B on corrosion performance. Int J Eng Technol2018; 7(1.9): 88–92.
28.
Sankara NarayananTSNBaskaranIKrishnaveniK, et al. Deposition of electroless Ni–P graded coatings and evaluation of their corrosion resistance. Surf Coat Technol2006; 200(11): 3438–3445.
29.
NovakovicJVassiliouPSamaraK, et al. Electroless NiP–TiO2 composite coatings: their production and properties. Surf Coat Technol2006; 201(3-4): 895–901.
30.
ThostensonETChouTW. Microwave processing: Fundamentals and applications. Composites1999; 30(9): 1055–1071.
