Volumetric efficiency (VE) is an extremely important index to evaluate the performance of pump and motor. Efforts have been concentrated on the causes and character of leakage loss, but few quantitative analyses of pump kinematic clearances (KCs) identification and nonlinear compression loss caused by air content are discussed. This paper clarifies the nonlinear compression loss resulted from the air content of the oil in detail and proposes an improved flow loss model of the swash-plate axial piston pump (SAPP). Then, combining the improved model with experimental results, the KCs of SAPP are identified. It has been verified that a reasonable sampling path is useful for reducing sampling numbers and guaranteeing identification accuracy. Finally, the identification and quantization of the wear fault of SAPP are realized by analyzing the estimated value of KCs. The proposed method is simple and easy to implement and shows high predictive accuracy. It provides a possible and promoting technology support for the autonomous calibration of the system parameters and the active compensation of the system control.
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