Mixed convective 3D flow of Maxwell nanofluid induced by stretching sheet: Application of Cattaneo-Christov theory

Abstract

The present study invokes the application of Cattaneo-Christov theory for the thermal analysis in the buoyancy driven three dimensional flow of Maxwell nanofluid. The flow is induced above the vertical bidirectional stretching sheet. The phenomena of thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion of nanoparticles in the flow Maxwell liquid are deliberated with the help of Buongiorno model for nanofluid. The physical problem is formulated in the form of boundary layer partial differential equations (PDEs). Moreover, suitable ansatz for flow mechanism are employed to reduce the governing PDEs into the non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The flow mechanism of Maxwell fluid along with energy transport is analyzed in the form of homotopic solutions of the governing ODEs. The outcomes are presented graphically and discussed with physical explanation. The analysis revealed that both buoyancy and mixed convection parameters enhanced the $x$ -component of velocity field but declined the $y$ -component. Moreover, in assisting mode these two parameters also increased the thermal and solutal energy transport in nanofluid. It is noted that the thermophorectic force boosts up the thermal energy transport in the flow in the presence of thermal relaxation phenomenon. The validation of the present results are confirmed through tabular data with some previous studies.