The tooth normal force is one of the main influencing factors for calculating the pitting load-carrying capacity of gears. In the current standards for cylindrical gears, it is calculated without regard to the friction force’s influence. This paper presents a simple local calculation approach for determining the friction force and driving direction’s influence on the tooth normal force of cylindrical gears on the whole tooth flank. Unlike previous models, without the need to set up a dynamic model of the gear mesh and having to solve differential equations numerically. For two exemplary spur and one helical gear set, the tooth normal forces are calculated considering the friction force and the driving direction’s influence and without regard to these effects. A comparison is carried out and the results are discussed thoroughly.
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