A series of new poly(ether imide)s (PEIs) were synthesized from different commercially available dianhydrides like 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianyhride (BTDA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and diamines like 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)propane, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)butane, 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)pentane, and 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)hexane by a typical two-step polymerization method. The structure of the monomers and PEIs prepared were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis. Solubility of the PEIs was tested in various organic solvents. Thermal properties of the PEIs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The temperature corresponding to 5% (T5%) and 10% (T10%) weight loss are from 318°C to 418°C and from 380°C to 480°C, respectively. These PEIs exhibit glass transition temperature in the range of 195–245°C, very low water absorption (0.37–0.62%), and low dielectric constant (2.68–3.17) at 1 MHz. The PEIs film possessed good mechanical properties with tensile strength of 77–98 MPa, elongation at break of 8–13%, and tensile modulus of 1.5–2.2 GPa. These results imply that the synthesized PEIs are well suited to be used as dielectric materials. Based on these studies the structure–property relationships were established.
AmuthaNSarojadeviM. Synthesis and characterization of organosoluble polyimides containing pyridyl moiety with ether linkages. J Macromol Sci Pure Appl Chem2007; 44: 1013–1022.
2.
LiuJZhangQXiaQ. Synthesis, characterization and properties of polyimides derived from a symmetrical diamine containing bis-benzimidazole rings. Polym Degrad Stab2012; 97: 987–994.
3.
ChiscaSMusteataVESavaI. Dielectric behavior of some aromatic polyimide films. Eur Polym J2011; 47: 1186–1197.
4.
HarrisFWHsuSLC. Synthesis and characterisation of polyimides based on 3,6-diphenylpyromellitic dianhydride. High Perform Polym1989; 1: 3–16.
ThiruvasagamPVenkatesanD. Synthesis and characterization of polyetherimides derived from AB monomers. J Macromol Sci Pure Appl Chem2009; 46: 419–424.
7.
GovindarajBSundararajanPSarojadeviM. Synthesis and characterization of polyimide/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocomposites containing quinolylmoiety. Polym Int2012; 61: 1344–1352.
8.
XiaQLiuJDongJ. Synthesis and characterization of high-performance polyimides based on 6,4′-diamino-2-phenylbenzimidazole. J Appl Polylm Sci2013; 129: 145–151.
MathewsASKimIHaC-S. Fully aliphatic polyimides from adamantane-based diamines for enhanced thermal stability, solubility, transparency, and low dielectric constant. J Appl Polylm Sci2006; 102: 3316–3326.
11.
KoleyTBandyopadhyayPMohantyAK. Synthesis and characterization of new aromatic poly(ether imide)s and their gas transport properties. Eur Polym J2013; 49: 4212–4223.
SimpsonJOSt ClairAK. Fundamental insight on developing low dielectric constant polyimides. Thin Solid Films1997; 308–309: 480–485.
14.
SadavarteNVPatilSSAvadhaniCV. New organosoluble aromatic poly(ester imide)s containing pendent pentadecyl chains: synthesis and characterization. High Perform. Polym2013; 25: 735–743.
15.
JangWKimDChoiS. Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polyimides containing aliphatic linkages in the main chain. Polym Int2006; 55: 1236–1242.
EichstadtAEWardTCMelanieD. Synthesis and characterization of amorphous partially aliphatic polyimide copolymers based on bisphenol-A dianhydride. Macromol2002; 35: 7561–7568.
18.
LinCHChangSLChengPW. Dietheramine from an alkaline-stable phosphinated bisphenol for soluble polyetherimides. Polymer2011; 52: 1249–1255.
19.
EichstadtAEWardTCBagwellMD. Structure–property relationships for a series of amorphous partially aliphatic polyimides. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys2002; 40: 1503–1512.
20.
VoraRHGohSHChungT-S. Synthesis and properties of fluoro-polyetherimides. Polym Eng Sci2000; 40: 1318–1329.
21.
HoughamGTesoroGViehbeckA. Polarization effects of fluorine on the relative permittivity in polyimides. Macromol1994; 27: 5964–5971.
22.
HoughamGTesoroGViehbeckA. Influence of free volume change on the relative permittivity and refractive index in fluoropolyimides. Macromol1996; 29: 3453–3456.
23.
HoughamGTesoroGShawJ. Synthesis and properties of highly fluorinated polyimides. Macromol1994; 27: 3642–3649.
24.
ZhuYZhaoPCaiX. Synthesis and characterization of novel fluorinated polyimides derived from bis[4-(4′-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl phosphine oxide. Polymer2007; 48: 3116–3124.
25.
GeZFanLYangS. Synthesis and characterization of novel fluorinated polyimides derived from 1,1′-bis(4-aminophenyl)-1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and aromatic dianhydrides. Eur Polym J2008; 44: 1252–1260.
LiawD-JLiawB-YHsuP-N. Synthesis and characterization of new highly organosoluble poly(ether imide)s bearing a noncoplanar 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-biphenyl unit and kink diphenylmethylene linkage. Chem Mater2001; 13: 1811–1816.
28.
HouYChenGPeiX. Synthesis and characterization of novel optically transparent and organosoluble polyimides based on diamines containing cyclohexane moiety. J Polym Res2012; 19: 9955–9963.
29.
MathewsASKimIHaC-S. Synthesis, characterization, and properties of fully aliphatic polyimides and their derivatives for microelectronics and optoelectronics applications. Macromol Res2007; 15: 114–128.
30.
BaldwinAFMaRWangC. Structure–property relationship of polyimides based on pyromellitic dianhydride and short-chain aliphatic diamines for dielectric material applications. J Appl Polylm Sci2013; 130: 1276–1280.
31.
FaghihiKShabanianMHajibeygiM. Synthesis and characterization of new poly(ether–ester–imide)s as a generation of soluble and thermally stable polymers. Polym Bull2011; 66: 37–49.
32.
YanSChenWYangX. Soluble polyimides based on a novel pyridine-containing diamine m, p-PAPP and various aromatic dianhydrides. Polym Bull2011; 66: 1191–1206.
33.
FangCZhouYHeM. Synthesis and characterization of ternary-copolymer of soluble fluorinated polyimides based on 1,4-bis (4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy) benzene. J Appl Polylm Sci2013; 128: 80–88.
34.
GhaemyMAlizadehR. Synthesis of soluble and thermally stable polyimides from unsymmetrical diamine containing 2,4,5-triaryl imidazole pendent group. Eur Polym J2009; 45: 1681–1688.
35.
KaranguNTRezacMEBeckhamHW. Synthesis and properties of processable polyimides containing diacetylene groups. Chem Mater1998; 10: 567–573.
36.
Van KrevelenDW. Some basic aspects of flame resistance of polymeric materials. Polymer1975; 16: 615–620.
37.
ZhangSLiYYinD. Study on synthesis and characterization of novel polyimides derived from 2,6-bis(3-aminobenzoyl)pyridine. Eur Polym J2005; 41: 1097–1107.
38.
ChenHYinJ. Synthesis of autophotosensitive hyperbranched polyimides based on 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenoxy)benzene via end capping of the terminal anhydride groups by ortho-alkyl aniline. Polym Sci A: Polym Chem2003; 41: 2026–2035.
39.
YanpengEWanLZhouX. Synthesis and properties of novel polytriazoleimides derived from 1,2,3-triazole containing diamines and aromatic dianhydrides. Polym Adv Technol2011; 23: 1092–1100.
40.
LiawD-JLiawBYYuC-W. Synthesis and characterization of new organosoluble polyimides based on flexible diamine. Polymer2001; 42: 5175–5179.
41.
HariharanRBhuvanaSSarojadeviM. Synthesis and characterization and properties of organo soluble polyimides, bismaleimides and polyaspartimides based on 4,4-dichloro-3,3-diamino benzophenone. High Perform Polym2006; 18: 163–184.
42.
HariharanRBhuvanaSAmuthaN. Synthesis and characterization of novel polyimides containing anthracene moiety. High Perform Polym2006; 18: 893–905.
43.
HariharanRSarojadeviM. Synthesis and characterization of organo-soluble fluorinated polyimides. Polym Int2007; 56: 22–31.
44.
WatanabeYShibasakiYAndoS. Synthesis and characterization of polyimides with low dielectric constants from aromatic dianhydrides and aromatic diamine containing phenylene ether unit. Polymer2005; 46: 5903–5908.
45.
VoraRHKrishnanPSGGohSH. Synthesis and properties of designed low-k fluoro-copolyetherimides. Part 1. Adv Funct Mater2001; 11: 361–373.
